The traumagenic neurodevelopmental model of psychosis revisited. Neuropsychiatry, 4(1), 65-79 (2014).Read J, Fosse R, Moskowitz A, Perry B.
Evidence that childhood adversities are risk factors for psychosis has accumulated rapidly. Research into the mechanisms underlying these relationships has focused, productively, on psychological processes, including cognition, attachment and dissociation. In 2001, the traumagenic neurodevelopmental model sought to integrate biological and psychological research by highlighting the similarities between the structural and functional abnormalities in the brains of abused children and adults diagnosed with ‘schizophrenia’. No review of relevant literature has subsequently been published. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to summarize the literature on biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis published since 2001. A comprehensive search for relevant papers was undertaken via Medline, PubMed and psycINFO. In total, 125 papers were identified, with a range of methodologies, and provided both indirect support for and direct confirmation of the traumagenic neurodevelopmental model. Integrating our growing understanding of the biological sequelae of early adversity with our knowledge of the psychological processes linking early adversity to psychosis is valuable both theoretically and clinically.
http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/npy.13.89
The traumagenic neurodevelopmental model of psychosis revisited full text
Practice points
Multiple studies and reviews have found a causal relationship between childhood trauma/adversity and psychosis.
The 2001 traumagenic neurodevelopmental model of psychosis identified similarities in the brains of traumatized children and adults diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Subsequently, 125 publications have provided indirect support for, or direct confirmation of, the traumagenic neurodevelopmental model.
Many studies have now demonstrated the relationship between psychosis and over-reactivity to stress of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and the dopaminergic system.
Studies of the frontal lobes and hippocampus also support the traumagenic neurodevelopmental model.
Two lines of evidence link prior stress and brain alterations to cognitive deficits in individuals diagnosed with psychotic disorders.
Clinical implications include the need to routinely take trauma/neglect/loss histories from all users of mental health services.
http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/npy.13.89
Dismissal of Yeshiva University sex abuse lawsuit makes strong case for Assemblywoman Margaret Markey's Child Victims Act
BY Michael O'Keeffe February 13, 2014
When U.S. District Court Judge John Koeltl dismissed the $680 million sexual abuse lawsuit filed by 34 former Yeshiva University prep school students two weeks ago because the alleged assaults took place after the statute of limitations expired, he inadvertently made a strong case for Assemblywoman Margaret Markey’s Child Victims Act.
Koeltl, displaying an astonishing lack of awareness about issues facing sexual abuse victims, claimed the plaintiffs should have brought their claims before they turned 21 years old. But mental health experts say – and sex abuse scandals involving football coaches at Poly Prep, Penn State and other institutions prove – that most victims are prepared to address the damage they have suffered until they are in their 40s.
Markey’s office sent us a press release earlier this month about her bill, which would eliminate the criminal and civil statute of limitations on child sexual abuse.
http://www.nydailynews.com/blogs/iteam/2014/02/dismissal-of-yeshiva-university-sex-abuse-lawsuit-makes-strong-case-for-assemblywoman-
Suspect with NC ties in Craigslist killing claims 22 other slayings
The Associated Press February 15, 2014
SUNBURY, Pa. — A Pennsylvania woman charged with her newlywed husband with killing a man they met through Craigslist admitted to the slaying in a jailhouse interview with a newspaper and said she has killed more than 20 other people across the country, claims police said they are investigating.
In an interview with The Daily Item in Sunbury, 19-year-old Miranda Barbour, who once lived in Dunn, N.C., said she wants to plead guilty to killing Troy LaFerrara in November. She also said in the interview she has killed at least 22 other people from Alaska to North Carolina in the last six years as part of her involvement in a satanic cult....
She claims she joined a satanic cult in Alaska when she was 13 before moving to North Carolina. Online records for the woman that the newspaper identified as Barbour's mother show her as having lived in both Alaska and North Carolina.
http://www.newsobserver.com/2014/02/15/3626563/pa-woman-admits-craigslist-killing.html
Showing posts with label psychosis. Show all posts
Showing posts with label psychosis. Show all posts
Monday, February 17, 2014
The traumagenic neurodevelopmental model of psychosis revisited, Dismissal of Yeshiva University sex abuse lawsuit makes strong case for Assemblywoman Margaret Markey's Child Victims Act, Suspect with NC ties in Craigslist killing claims 22 other slayings "as part of her involvement in a satanic cult"
Wednesday, August 10, 2011
Convicted Serial Killer Anthony Sowell - child abuse victim
Sentencing day 6: Anthony Sowell trial
08/08/2011 by Jen Steer, newsnet5.com
A Cuyahoga County jury will continue to hear from witnesses in the sentencing phase for convicted killer of 11 Anthony Sowell.
Last month, that same jury found the 51-year-old guilty on 82 of 83 counts, including aggravated murder. Now, jurors must determine if Sowell gets life in prison or the death penalty.
"It's not normal for an 11 year old to have sex with 10-year-old niece," social worker Lori James-Townes said. "There were high levels of promiscuity that are also red flags." She also indicated that Sowell grew up in a house full of drug use, sexual abuse, incest and physical abuse....
"Essentially, he has indications of brain dysfunction," said Dr. Watson, a forensic neuropsychologist. Dr. Woods, who is a forensic psychiatrist, said Sowell suffers from obsessive compulsive disorder, post traumatic stress disorder and psychosis....
Sowell is on the witness stand, answering questions from his defense attorney John Parker. He will not be cross-examined by the prosecution.
"She sexually abused me," Sowell said, after an much older relative. "No, I don't want to talk about that… There was a lot of sexual activity going on there."
..."And it's because of this abuse and this miserable, sad life he murdered 11 women?" assistant prosecutor Pinkey Carr said.
"That's not just the only reason… There are multiple reasons," James Townes said. She continues to emphasis the need for context, saying that abuse was just one of the factors over the course of Anthony Sowell's life that resulted in murder. She points to sexual abuse, a strained relationship with his mother and witnessing other children being abused among the cause. The sexual abuse in the home reportedly started when some of the children were just 10 or 11 years old.
"It's extremely underreported, I can't say that enough," James-Townes said. "The children were afraid. The children, the ones who did tell were beaten."
..."When children are growing up in this type of situation, it impacts them in a variety of ways," Lori James-Townes said. "It makes him susceptible to violence later in life."
"There should be an assessment made when you see certain risk factors," she said, referring to Anthony Sowell's school records....
"Childhood abuse is the biggest red flag for adult criminal behavior," James-Townes said. "The sad thing about this is trauma is extremely treatable… The problem comes in when they don't get treated." She said that telling the story is one of the most helpful ways to treat someone who has suffered trauma.
"We know that most people in prison, men or women, has suffered some sort of abuse," she said. According to James- Townes, there is no therapy in prison, but they focus on reprogramming the individuals....
According to James-Townes, research shows that child abuse is severely underreported and that it's not uncommon for people to not talk about the abuse until they are adults. She said she used a genogram to help explain the risk factors in Sowell's childhood. A genogram is a visual depiction and a snapshot of a person's family.
While pointing to the chart, James-Townes explains that Sowell's paternal side of the family had a history of substance abuse and heart disease. The genogram goes back four or five generations, which James-Townes said is very uncommon to find those kinds of records.
On his mother's side, the chart shows that Anthony Sowell was 17 years younger than his sister, Patricia. She said there were pregnancies when female family members when they were 12 and 15. Other risk factors include epilepsy, sexual abuse and mental problems....
James-Townes said that they need to pay particular attention to the trauma and abuse he suffered growing up, and the the abuse that people around him went through. Based on interviews with family, she said that Sowell kept to himself as a child and was isolated, despite going to school nearly everyday.
"It's not normal for an 11 year old to have sex with 10-year-old niece," she said. "There were high levels of promiscuity that are also red flags."
http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/news/crime/bodies_found/Sentencing-day-6-Anthony-Sowell-trial
08/08/2011 by Jen Steer, newsnet5.com
A Cuyahoga County jury will continue to hear from witnesses in the sentencing phase for convicted killer of 11 Anthony Sowell.
Last month, that same jury found the 51-year-old guilty on 82 of 83 counts, including aggravated murder. Now, jurors must determine if Sowell gets life in prison or the death penalty.
"It's not normal for an 11 year old to have sex with 10-year-old niece," social worker Lori James-Townes said. "There were high levels of promiscuity that are also red flags." She also indicated that Sowell grew up in a house full of drug use, sexual abuse, incest and physical abuse....
"Essentially, he has indications of brain dysfunction," said Dr. Watson, a forensic neuropsychologist. Dr. Woods, who is a forensic psychiatrist, said Sowell suffers from obsessive compulsive disorder, post traumatic stress disorder and psychosis....
Sowell is on the witness stand, answering questions from his defense attorney John Parker. He will not be cross-examined by the prosecution.
"She sexually abused me," Sowell said, after an much older relative. "No, I don't want to talk about that… There was a lot of sexual activity going on there."
..."And it's because of this abuse and this miserable, sad life he murdered 11 women?" assistant prosecutor Pinkey Carr said.
"That's not just the only reason… There are multiple reasons," James Townes said. She continues to emphasis the need for context, saying that abuse was just one of the factors over the course of Anthony Sowell's life that resulted in murder. She points to sexual abuse, a strained relationship with his mother and witnessing other children being abused among the cause. The sexual abuse in the home reportedly started when some of the children were just 10 or 11 years old.
"It's extremely underreported, I can't say that enough," James-Townes said. "The children were afraid. The children, the ones who did tell were beaten."
..."When children are growing up in this type of situation, it impacts them in a variety of ways," Lori James-Townes said. "It makes him susceptible to violence later in life."
"There should be an assessment made when you see certain risk factors," she said, referring to Anthony Sowell's school records....
"Childhood abuse is the biggest red flag for adult criminal behavior," James-Townes said. "The sad thing about this is trauma is extremely treatable… The problem comes in when they don't get treated." She said that telling the story is one of the most helpful ways to treat someone who has suffered trauma.
"We know that most people in prison, men or women, has suffered some sort of abuse," she said. According to James- Townes, there is no therapy in prison, but they focus on reprogramming the individuals....
According to James-Townes, research shows that child abuse is severely underreported and that it's not uncommon for people to not talk about the abuse until they are adults. She said she used a genogram to help explain the risk factors in Sowell's childhood. A genogram is a visual depiction and a snapshot of a person's family.
While pointing to the chart, James-Townes explains that Sowell's paternal side of the family had a history of substance abuse and heart disease. The genogram goes back four or five generations, which James-Townes said is very uncommon to find those kinds of records.
On his mother's side, the chart shows that Anthony Sowell was 17 years younger than his sister, Patricia. She said there were pregnancies when female family members when they were 12 and 15. Other risk factors include epilepsy, sexual abuse and mental problems....
James-Townes said that they need to pay particular attention to the trauma and abuse he suffered growing up, and the the abuse that people around him went through. Based on interviews with family, she said that Sowell kept to himself as a child and was isolated, despite going to school nearly everyday.
"It's not normal for an 11 year old to have sex with 10-year-old niece," she said. "There were high levels of promiscuity that are also red flags."
http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/news/crime/bodies_found/Sentencing-day-6-Anthony-Sowell-trial
Thursday, November 4, 2010
Tyler Perry's child abuse and 200 men - Oprah, CSA and psychosis risk
Tyler Perry Tells Oprah More About His Abusive Past By Sara Hammel October 21, 2010 He stunned his fans last year with revelations of his abusive past and now Tyler Perry is opening up about just how bad it got. In a new interview with Oprah Winfrey, which aired Wednesday, the writer-director says his own father beat him brutally. In one harrowing moment, he recalls when his father whipped him with a vacuum cord.
....On top of his father's beatings, Perry says he was sexually abused by four different adults, beginning when he was five or six. On one occasion, he was building a birdhouse with an adult male neighbor who proceeded to put his hands in Tyler's pants. "I felt my body betraying me," he says, "because I felt an erection at that age."
Later, Tyler said he was sexually molested by a male nurse and a man he knew from church. The man from church "used God and the Bible against me to justify a lot of the things that were going on. It was so horrible," he said. "And that was my first sexual experience – with this man performing oral sex on me as a boy."
http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20435854,00.html
TWO-DAY OPRAH SHOW EVENT: 200 ADULT MEN WHO WERE MOLESTED COME FORWARD november 5, 2010 A landmark Oprah Show event that's never been done before. Two hundred men courageously stand together to say they were all molested
http://www.oprah.com/showinfo/A-Two-Day-Oprah-Show-Event-200-Men-Who-Were-Molested-Come-Forward_1
Childhood Sexual Abuse May Raise Risk for Psychosis
November 02, 2010.
Abuse involving penetration associated with higher risk, especially for schizophrenic disorders -
Childhood sexual abuse involving penetration appears to increase the risk of developing psychotic disorders later in life, according to research published in the November issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
TUESDAY, Nov. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Childhood sexual abuse involving penetration appears to increase the risk of developing psychotic disorders later in life, according to research published in the November issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
Margaret C. Cutajar, of Monash University in Clifton Hill, Australia, and colleagues studied mental health data on 2,759 subjects who had been sexually abused as children, matched with community-based controls, to explore whether childhood sexual abuse raises the risk for subsequent psychotic disorders.
The researchers found rates for general psychosis, and particularly for schizophrenic disorders, significantly higher in the childhood sexual abuse subjects than in the controls (2.8 versus 1.4 percent for general psychosis and 1.9 versus 0.7 percent for schizophrenic disorders in abuse subjects and controls, respectively). Risk for later psychosis was highest in those whose abuse occurred after age 12, involved penetration, and involved more than one perpetrator. Abuse without penetration was not related to significant increases in general psychosis or schizophrenia.
http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/news/pb/15321
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders in a Cohort of Sexually Abused Children
Margaret C. Cutajar, DPsych, MAPS; Paul E. Mullen, DSc, FRANZCP, FRCPsych; James R. P. Ogloff, PhD; Stuart D. Thomas, PhD; David L. Wells, MA, FACLM; Josie Spataro, PhD, MAPS
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(11):1114-1119. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.147
Setting - Sample drawn from all notified cases of child sexual abuse over a 30-year period in Victoria, Australia.
Participants - A cohort of 2759 individuals ascertained as having been sexually abused when younger than 16 years had their subsequent contacts with mental health services established by data linkage. They were compared with a community-based control group matched on sex and age groupings whose rates of disorder were established using identical methods.
Main - Outcome Measures - Rates of psychotic and schizophrenic illnesses.
Results - Rates were significantly higher among child sexual abuse subjects compared with controls for psychosis in general (2.8% vs 1.4%; odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.1; P < .001) and schizophrenic disorders in particular (1.9% vs 0.7%; odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-4.4; P < .001). Those exposed to penetrative abuse had even higher rates of psychosis (3.4%) and schizophrenia (2.4%). Abuse without penetration was not associated with significant increases in psychosis or schizophrenia. The risks were highest for those whose abuse involved penetration, occurred after age 12 years, and involved more than 1 perpetrator, the combination producing rates of 8.6% for schizophrenia and 17.2% for psychosis.
Conclusions - Child sexual abuse involving penetration is a risk factor for developing psychotic and schizophrenic syndromes. The risk is greater for adolescents subjected to penetration. Irrespective of whether this statistical association reflects any causal link, it does identify an at-risk population in need of ongoing support and treatment. http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/67/11/1114
....On top of his father's beatings, Perry says he was sexually abused by four different adults, beginning when he was five or six. On one occasion, he was building a birdhouse with an adult male neighbor who proceeded to put his hands in Tyler's pants. "I felt my body betraying me," he says, "because I felt an erection at that age."
Later, Tyler said he was sexually molested by a male nurse and a man he knew from church. The man from church "used God and the Bible against me to justify a lot of the things that were going on. It was so horrible," he said. "And that was my first sexual experience – with this man performing oral sex on me as a boy."
http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20435854,00.html
TWO-DAY OPRAH SHOW EVENT: 200 ADULT MEN WHO WERE MOLESTED COME FORWARD november 5, 2010 A landmark Oprah Show event that's never been done before. Two hundred men courageously stand together to say they were all molested
http://www.oprah.com/showinfo/A-Two-Day-Oprah-Show-Event-200-Men-Who-Were-Molested-Come-Forward_1
Childhood Sexual Abuse May Raise Risk for Psychosis
November 02, 2010.
Abuse involving penetration associated with higher risk, especially for schizophrenic disorders -
Childhood sexual abuse involving penetration appears to increase the risk of developing psychotic disorders later in life, according to research published in the November issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
TUESDAY, Nov. 2 (HealthDay News) -- Childhood sexual abuse involving penetration appears to increase the risk of developing psychotic disorders later in life, according to research published in the November issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
Margaret C. Cutajar, of Monash University in Clifton Hill, Australia, and colleagues studied mental health data on 2,759 subjects who had been sexually abused as children, matched with community-based controls, to explore whether childhood sexual abuse raises the risk for subsequent psychotic disorders.
The researchers found rates for general psychosis, and particularly for schizophrenic disorders, significantly higher in the childhood sexual abuse subjects than in the controls (2.8 versus 1.4 percent for general psychosis and 1.9 versus 0.7 percent for schizophrenic disorders in abuse subjects and controls, respectively). Risk for later psychosis was highest in those whose abuse occurred after age 12, involved penetration, and involved more than one perpetrator. Abuse without penetration was not related to significant increases in general psychosis or schizophrenia.
http://www.doctorslounge.com/index.php/news/pb/15321
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders in a Cohort of Sexually Abused Children
Margaret C. Cutajar, DPsych, MAPS; Paul E. Mullen, DSc, FRANZCP, FRCPsych; James R. P. Ogloff, PhD; Stuart D. Thomas, PhD; David L. Wells, MA, FACLM; Josie Spataro, PhD, MAPS
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(11):1114-1119. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.147
Setting - Sample drawn from all notified cases of child sexual abuse over a 30-year period in Victoria, Australia.
Participants - A cohort of 2759 individuals ascertained as having been sexually abused when younger than 16 years had their subsequent contacts with mental health services established by data linkage. They were compared with a community-based control group matched on sex and age groupings whose rates of disorder were established using identical methods.
Main - Outcome Measures - Rates of psychotic and schizophrenic illnesses.
Results - Rates were significantly higher among child sexual abuse subjects compared with controls for psychosis in general (2.8% vs 1.4%; odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.1; P < .001) and schizophrenic disorders in particular (1.9% vs 0.7%; odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-4.4; P < .001). Those exposed to penetrative abuse had even higher rates of psychosis (3.4%) and schizophrenia (2.4%). Abuse without penetration was not associated with significant increases in psychosis or schizophrenia. The risks were highest for those whose abuse involved penetration, occurred after age 12 years, and involved more than 1 perpetrator, the combination producing rates of 8.6% for schizophrenia and 17.2% for psychosis.
Conclusions - Child sexual abuse involving penetration is a risk factor for developing psychotic and schizophrenic syndromes. The risk is greater for adolescents subjected to penetration. Irrespective of whether this statistical association reflects any causal link, it does identify an at-risk population in need of ongoing support and treatment. http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/67/11/1114
Friday, June 18, 2010
Sexual Trauma May Spark Mental Health Problems - ScienceDaily
Sexual Trauma May Spark Mental Health Problems - ScienceDaily (June 17, 2010) —
Traumatic sexual incidents may cause serious mental health problems in the years after the events, research at the University of Ulster has shown. Using a unique investigative method, researchers at the University's Psychology Research Institute examined the mental health of women who had visited rape crisis centres -- and it showed that sexual trauma plays a role in the development of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia....
The collaborative study saw the University of Ulster link up with the University of Southern Denmark to examine the data gathered from the Danish Civil Registration System (CRS), which is a database of official information held on Danish citizens since 1968.... A. Elklit, M. Shevlin. Female Sexual Victimization Predicts Psychosis: A Case-Control Study Based on the Danish Registry System. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2010; DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbq048
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/06/100616122318.htm
Traumatic sexual incidents may cause serious mental health problems in the years after the events, research at the University of Ulster has shown. Using a unique investigative method, researchers at the University's Psychology Research Institute examined the mental health of women who had visited rape crisis centres -- and it showed that sexual trauma plays a role in the development of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia....
The collaborative study saw the University of Ulster link up with the University of Southern Denmark to examine the data gathered from the Danish Civil Registration System (CRS), which is a database of official information held on Danish citizens since 1968.... A. Elklit, M. Shevlin. Female Sexual Victimization Predicts Psychosis: A Case-Control Study Based on the Danish Registry System. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2010; DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbq048
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/06/100616122318.htm
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Friday, April 10, 2009
Childhood Abuse Associated With Onset Of Psychosis In Women
ScienceDaily (Apr. 5, 2009) — Researchers at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London have published new research which indicates that women with severe mental illness are more likely to have been abused in childhood that the general population. But the same association has not been found in men....Those in the first group had experienced psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations or delusions and received treatment for depression, mania or schizophrenia. Those in the second group had no mental health problems, and acted as a control sample. Both groups were asked whether they experienced physical or sexual abuse during their childhood. Women with psychosis were twice as likely to report either physical or sexual abuse compared to healthy women. But no such association was found in men. The researchers suggest that one explanation for this is that girls are more likely to 'internalise' difficulties than boys. In other words, girls who are abused may distance themselves from other people, and become overly suspicious of other people's behaviour. This may put them at greater risk of psychotic symptoms in the future, such as paranoid delusions. In contrast, boys may be more likely to 'act out' following physical abuse and potentially be at greater risk for antisocial behaviour. The lead author on this paper, Helen Fisher, Researcher in Psychosis at the Institute of Psychiatry at King's said: "These findings do not mean that if a child is abused they will develop psychosis; but women with such disorders are more likely to reveal a background which included childhood abuse. Journal reference: Fisher et al. Gender differences in the association between childhood abuse and psychosis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2009; 194 (4): 319 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.047985 http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090331201524.htm
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