Showing posts with label organized ritual abuse. Show all posts
Showing posts with label organized ritual abuse. Show all posts

Wednesday, August 27, 2025

SMART Ritual Abuse Newsletter Issue 184 - September 2025

 copied with permission

 

S.M.A.R.T.
(Stop Mind control And Ritual abuse Today)
P. O Box 1295, Easthampton, MA 01027-1295 USA

E-mail: SMARTNEWS@aol.com
Home page: https://ritualabuse.us/ 

Issue 184 – September 2025

The purpose of this newsletter is to help stop secretive organizations and groups from abusing others and to help those who allege they have been abused by such organizations and groups. This newsletter is not a substitute for other ways of recovering from ritual abuse. Readers should use caution while reading this newsletter. If necessary, make sure other support systems are available during and after reading this newsletter.

Important:
The resources mentioned in this newsletter are for educational value only. Reading the books cited may or may not help your recovery process, so use caution when reading any book or contacting any resource mentioned in this newsletter. Some may have a religious or other agenda that may be separate from your own recovery process. Others may have valuable information on secretive organizations, but have triggers or be somewhat sympathetic to those organizations. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the views expressed in this newsletter constitute expressions of opinion, and readers are cautioned to form their own opinions and draw their own conclusions by consulting a variety of sources, including this newsletter. Resources listed, quoted and individual articles, etc. and their writers do not necessarily support all or any of the views mentioned in this newsletter. Also, the views, facts and opinions mentioned in this newsletter are solely the opinions of the authors and are not necessarily the opinions of this newsletter or its editor.
Copyright 2025 – All rights reserved. No reproduction of any material without written permission from the editor and individual authors.

Information in this issue includes:
– SMART is celebrating our 30th anniversary.
– Thirty Years of Publishing and Advocacy – Neil Brick
– The Mind Controlled Brain – Wendy Hoffman
– Videos, PowerPoints and transcripts from our 2025 conference
– Self’s Stony Soil, by Wendy Hoffman
– “Masonic Themes and Trauma in the Novels of William Golding (1911–1993)” Lynn Brunet (PhD)
– Recovery from Extreme Abuse – Randy Noblitt
– Thirty Years of Publishing and Advocacy – Neil Brick
– Organised ritual abuse and its wider context: Degradation, deception and disavowal A research review and analysis by Dr Elly Hanson Commissioned by the Hydrant Programme and NAPAC (National Association for People Abused in Childhood) July 2025
– Hydrant Programme – Ritualistic abuse
– Investigating and responding to ritualistic abuse, including witchcraft and spirit possession Operational Briefing Commissioned by the Hydrant Programme and NAPAC July 2025
– Houses of the Holy: A Nightmare Web of Hate, Crime, Corruption and Child Abuse — a shocking true story of organized ritual abuse and systemic betrayal.
– How a Christian college ministry glorified a sex offender and enabled him to keep abusing students Daniel Savala, Chi Alpha members
– ‘He’s helping himself to your kids by the help of Chi Alpha leadership’: Student organization put Aggies, minors in contact with sex offender
– Former youth pastor arrested after allegedly sexually abusing at least 6 teens The alleged abuse at the pastor’s home and at an Assemblies of God church in Baltimore County, Maryland, authorities said.
– Daughter of NJ police chief accuses him, others of ‘ritualistic’ abuse, years of sexual assault: court docs
– Knesset panel meeting reveals shocking testimonies of ritual abuse on minors Multiple women came forward to testify about the sexual abuse they suffered as victims of organized ritual abuse when they were minors during a Sunday Knesset committee meeting.
– Survivors testify: MKs participated in sadistic sexual ‘rituals’ involving minors ‘Doctors, educators, police officers, and past and present members of the Knesset were involved in these abuses,’ survivor says.

SMART is celebrating our 30th anniversary this year. This is our 183rd newsletter. Our first issue (online https://ritualabuse.us/2008/10/issue-1-march-1995/ discussed the book Ritual Abuse What it is, Why it Happens and How to Help by Margaret Smith. It covered a thesis on Masonic Ritual Abuse called “Ritual Abuse, its Effects and the Process of Recovery Using Self Help Methods and Resources, and Focusing on the Spiritual Aspect of Damage and Recover.” Over the years, SMART expanded its scope to cover institutionalized abuse, clergy abuse, government mind control and sex trafficking issues. SMART has had yearly conferences since 1997. SMART has become one of the largest ritual abuse resource information providers on the Internet.

Thirty Years of Publishing and Advocacy – Neil Brick
Neil Brick discussed how and why he created the SMART Newsletter. He talked about how the newsletter and the field of ritual abuse have changed over the years. He discussed the importance of advocacy and public education. Ideas for the future growth of the field were discussed.
Neil Brick is a survivor of ritualistic abuse. His work continues to educate the public about child abuse, trauma and ritualistic abuse crimes. His child abuse and ritualistic abuse newsletter S.M.A.R.T. https://ritualabuse.us has been published for over 30 years. http://neilbrick.com
Parts of this presentation may be triggering and may describe abuse or violence. All accusations are alleged. https://ritualabuse.us/smart-conference/2025-conference/thirty-years-of-publishing-and-advocacy-neil-brick/

The Mind Controlled Brain – Wendy Hoffman
Please note: This article may be triggering for survivors.
The mind controlled brain is the core of satanic ritual abuse. If you are a victim of mind control, your brain has been stolen. Satanic cults thrive on controlling other people’s brains. But you can get your brain back. This theft doesn’t have to be permanent. You can leave the life your perpetrators imposed on you….
https://ritualabuse.us/smart-conference/2025-conference/the-mind-controlled-brain-wendy-hoffman/

The 2025 Online Annual Ritual Abuse and Mind Control Information – If you are interested in getting on a mailing list, please write: smartnews@aol.com Internet conference information: https://ritualabuse.us/smart-conference/2025-conference/

Videos, PowerPoints and transcripts from our 2025 conference https://ritualabuse.us/smart-conference/2025-conference/2025-conference-video-presentations-and-powerpoints/
Please use caution while reading this information. It may be triggering for survivors.
Self’s Stony Soil, by Wendy Hoffman
A novella, written in free style poetry and flash fiction, Self’s Stony Soil is about the sexual trafficking of children. They are packed tight into cages, taken by airplanes to other countries, abused by politicians, the wealthy, royalty, and known people in the world. It tells the story of a child’s only friend, a doll, and how much she needed it. A trafficked person had amnesia until late in life. Remembering began the healing of deep scars. She began to find her true self. This is her story and unfortunately the story of many more. It is also about memory and healing from these horrendous acts. Wendy will talk about how the book came about and read from some of its passages.
Wendy Hoffman has published four memoirs: The Enslaved Queen, White Witch in a Black Robe, A Brain of My Own and After Amnesia. The Enslaved Queen has been translated and published in Germany. Her book of poetry, Forceps, was also published along with a book of essays, From the Trenches, co-authored with Dr. Alison Miller. Her second poetry book Belonging was nominated for the Eric Hoffer Book Award. The Theft, a novel, is forthcoming. She does consultations for therapists working in the field of dissociative disorders and presentations internationally.
“Masonic Themes and Trauma in the Novels of William Golding (1911–1993)” Lynn Brunet (PhD)
The English novelist William Golding is the author of Lord of the Flies (1954), a book that was studied by school children around the English-speaking world; his oeuvre of a further twelve novels cemented his reputation to the extent that he was awarded a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1983. But he was also an author who struggled with terrifying but inexplicable childhood experiences, so much so that they haunted his dreams right throughout his life. This talk will look at one of his novels, The Spire (1964), set in the Middle Ages with the building of a new spire on a cathedral, but where the foundations are completely inadequate to support it. Through a stream-of-consciousness technique, the novel shows the gradual psychological disintegration of the protagonist, the Dean whose lofty project this is. This talk will demonstrate that Golding has encoded into this novel multiple features of the Masonic Royal Arch rite. He also appears to be making connections between the Royal Arch rite and his own traumatic childhood memories. From this perspective The Spire can be seen to be a critique of the Church of England’s close connection with Freemasonry. His disdain for this link is summed up with his description of The Spire as “this great finger sticking up”.
Lynn Brunet (PhD) is an Australian art historian, artist and survivor of Masonic ritual abuse. Her research examines the coupling of trauma and ritual in modern and contemporary Western art and literature. In particular, it traces the connection between Masonic and other fraternal initiation rites and complex trauma in the work of so-called ‘tortured’ artists and writers.
Recovery from Extreme Abuse – Randy Noblitt
This presentation is about some of the ways people recover from extreme abuse. Some survivors seek therapy, but others do not. Psychotherapy is expensive and not always available to all abuse survivors. Graduate schools and other training programs typically do not teach their students about extreme abuse.
My best teachers were the survivors who were seeking psychological treatment from me, and who were willing and able to communicate what they had been through, and how these traumas had happened. I have also learned from survivors who have not participated in trauma-informed therapy, and how some have made progress using other resources. Many have told their stories in books, other publications, or though internet postings.
Randy Noblitt is a Professor of Clinical Psychology at Alliant International University in Los Angeles and a licensed psychologist in Texas and New Mexico.
Thirty Years of Publishing and Advocacy – Neil Brick
Neil Brick will discuss how and why he created the SMART Newsletter. He will talk about how the newsletter and the field of ritual abuse have changed over the years. He will discuss the importance of advocacy and public education. Ideas for the future growth of the field will be discussed.
Neil Brick is a survivor of ritualistic abuse. His work continues to educate the public about child abuse, trauma and ritualistic abuse crimes. His child abuse and ritualistic abuse newsletter S.M.A.R.T. https://ritualabuse.us has been published for over 30 years. http://neilbrick.com

Organised ritual abuse and its wider context: Degradation, deception and disavowal A research review and analysis by Dr Elly Hanson Commissioned by the Hydrant Programme and NAPAC (National Association for People Abused in Childhood) July 2025…. describes abuse

The organised sexual, physical and psychological abuse of children (and often adults) by a group of individuals who use rituals as a form of prolonged and repeated torture (often alongside other forms of abuse) with the aim of controlling, silencing and terrorising their victims. As part of this control, perpetrators train children into a supernatural belief system, which they may or may not believe themselves. Ritualised abuse typically involves family members (for example, parents and their associates abusing their children) and starts when children are young (the UK National Police Chiefs’ Council definition of ritualistic abuse, used within the Complex and Organised Child Abuse Database – COCAD)….

In the UK, there have been at least 14 cases in which people have been convicted of sexually abusing children and their use of ritualistic practices in this process was widely acknowledged, either within the criminal or family courts.6 Nine of these involved more than one perpetrator. In addition, there have been convictions for sexual abuse similar in nature to organised ritualistic abuse, involving multiple family members sadistically sexually abusing and/or torturing their children, as well as forcing them to have sex with others, over the course of their childhoods.7….
In 1982, couple Malcolm and Susan Smith together with Susan’s sister and husband, Albert and Carole Hickman, were convicted for crimes relating to the sexual abuse of four children ranging in age from one to 15 years old. Malcolm Smith convinced the children he was ‘Lucifer’, and this was said to be ‘largely a subterfuge by which children and young girls were ensnared’ (The Guardian, 1982). …

In 1998, the daughter and stepson of a convicted sex offender, Michael Horgan, came forward to speak out in detail about the abuse that he had subjected them to, in protest at him being released after having served only half of his ten-year sentence (McMullan & Revell Walton, 1999). He had been prosecuted alongside five others in 1992 for the organised, ritualistic abuse of several children, the youngest being two, yet media attention appears to have been scant at that time….

In 1992, an extensive investigation was launched in Wales following a ten-year-old boy’s disclosures to his foster carers of sexual abuse of himself and other children by his father and other adults. Other children corroborated his allegations, leading to a trial of 12 individuals, of whom six were convicted. The jury heard that children aged from two years old upwards were sexually abused in isolated barns and sheds in Pembrokeshire and subjected to a terrifying mix of violence, threat and ritualistic practices….

In 1998, eight people based in Devon were convicted for a total of 100 years for sexual abuse offences spanning 35 years. This abuse was intergenerational, involving grandparents who had taught their children to abuse their own, and sadistic, involving razor blades, pick-axe handles, pitch forks and knitting needles (the latter used in abortions) (Lakeman, 1998; Lindy Brown, interview). These abusers not only raped the children (aged 3-15 years old), but also invited friends and neighbours to do so….
In 2023, eight individuals in Glasgow were found guilty of crimes of child sexual abuse and/or other forms of child maltreatment, and in early 2025 seven of them were given life sentences for this abuse.9 Five of these individuals were found guilty of attempting to murder a young girl…. Four children in total had been subjected to sexual abuse, gang rapes and violence by the group. Two individuals were also found guilty of child neglect….

3. The nature of research into organised ritualistic (and related) abuse. It was in the late 1980s that research into organised ritualistic child abuse first really began, and over the course of the 1990s a sizeable number of studies were published, primarily case series of therapists’ patients who reported this abuse (for example, Coleman, 1994; Fraser, 1990; Young et al., 1991), but also including analyses of state and voluntary sector organised abuse cases (including those involving ritual), as well as professional surveys and an analysis of helpline data (for example, Gallagher et al., 1996; Scott, 1993). Since then, it appears studies have been less frequent, although three research projects have substantially deepened insight and understanding. In 2001, Sara Scott published a seminal study involving twelve in-depth life history interviews with survivors of ritual abuse, following a wider survey completed by 36 (Scott, 2001). This was followed in the early 2010s by Michael Salter’s research of similar methodology with 21 survivors of organised child abuse (16 of whom reported ritualistic elements) and professionals supporting this client group (Salter, 2011, 2012, 2013a, 2013b, 2017, 2019).10 And then more recently, in Germany a research group has explored the issue through survivor and professional surveys alongside analysis of submissions on this topic to the German Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual abuse, all-in-all resulting in eight academic papers (for example, Schröder et al., 2018, Schröder, Nick et al., 2020). In addition, case series, surveys and other analyses continue to be published, contributing to the broader body of knowledge….

4. Lives navigating ‘everyday’ abuse and cruelty Most survivors of organised ritualistic abuse report adult family members as their primary perpetrators (Salter, 2012; Schröder et al., 2018; Schröder, Behrendt et al., 2020a; Scott, 2001). Looking across life histories recounted by this group of survivors, we see both striking diversity and commonality. On the one hand, there is wide socioeconomic variance – some describe families that are highly affluent and well-connected, whilst others those that are struggling with poverty and debt. In addition, some are highly regimented and project an image of ‘the perfect family’ whilst in others there is chaos and mental health difficulty visible to the outside eye. However, across practically all the recorded accounts of survivors of intrafamilial organised ritual abuse, there are common themes of dominance and control (usually exerted most forcefully by fathers); neglect of children’s emotional (and often physical) needs; and routine cruelty towards them – especially towards girls (Scott, 2001; Salter, 2013a). Essentially these survivors report navigating childhoods in which those tasked to care for and protect them were instead colossal and constant sources of danger.12 The abuse this group of survivors recount includes routine sexual abuse from family members that typically started in their early years, often involved sadistic elements, and interweaved with other forms of abuse as well as neglect….

5. The dimensions of commercial and imaged child sexual abuse Alongside this ‘everyday cruelty’ many victims of organised and ritual abuse are also bought and sold to be raped (pimped and trafficked) and have their sexual abuse photographed and filmed (to make child sexual abuse material: CSAM). In their survey study of 165 self-reported survivors of organised abuse (88% of whose included ritual),16 Schröder, Nick et al. (2020) found that 91% reported commercial sexual exploitation, and 90% reported that their abuse involved CSAM production. And in their parallel survey of healthcare professionals who support survivors of organised/ritual abuse, even higher proportions reported that their clients’ abuse included these elements (96% and 94% respectively). Complementing these findings, a study that instead focussed on CSAM survivors found that many reported this CSAM abuse to be driven by organised groups, often involving family members (Canadian Centre for Child Protection: C3P, 2017). Of the 150 international survivors of CSAM they surveyed, 74 (49%) reported organised abuse. This group experienced sexual abuse that on average started younger and lasted longer than the other respondents – 82% reported that their abuse started when they were aged four or younger, and 51% reported it lasting 16 or more years, followed by 22% reporting it lasting 11-15 years. In 82% of these cases, the primary abuser was reported to be a family member, most typically the victim’s father (38%) followed by both parents (19%). Nearly a third (31%) of this group reported abuse by a person in a position of authority (of these, 35% mentioned a doctor or more; 30% teacher(s); 26% police; and 26% clergy), and 51% respondents mentioned at least one adult woman as an offender….

Historically, research into CSAM has often neglected the organised and intrafamilial dimensions to much of its production (Itzin, 1997; Salter & Wong, 2023), and similarly efforts to tackle children being bought and sold for rape (also known as child sex trafficking) have not always paid due regard to how much of this is driven by family members and paedophilic abuse groups (Itzin, 2001; Pacheo et al., 2023; Raphael, 2020). As noted above, this commercial sexual exploitation (pimping and the rapes that follow) is often reported by ritual abuse survivors as another horrific part of their maltreatment. Survivors describe how these elements of their abuse involving filming and/or being sold to others often involve humiliation, shame, cruelty and sadism, and the profound degradation of being so objectified and commodified (for example, C3P, 2017; Pacheo et al., 2023; Raphael, 2020; Salter & Woodlock, submitted)….

6. The nature and dynamics of organised ritual abuse When organised abuse involves rituals and supernatural narratives, what do these comprise? How are the rituals consistent with victims’ wider experience of abuse, and how are they set apart? What offender-victim dynamics do they involve and what offender strategies are at play? This section explores these and related questions, with the aim of developing a deeper understanding of the nature of this abuse and the psychology at play. Rituals in the broadest sense are practices that follow a convention or habit. Often however, the term ‘ritual’ is used to more specifically mean what are termed in sociology ‘special collective ritual events’ (Knottnerus, 2014). These rituals (from here on in, how ‘ritual’ is used in this report) involve multiple participants engaging in activities with a distinctive form, at set times and separated from everyday social practices (Knotterus, 2014).

Examples of such rituals include religious ceremonies, political rallies, and commemorations of important historical events. They are central to the human experience and occur across history and cultures. These ritual events, entwined with the narratives that support them, have particular power and so are frequently designed and used by those with nefarious intentions to control others (see for example, Delano & Knottnerus’ (2018) analysis of the Khmer Rouge’s use of ritual). And this appears to be a primary purpose of the rituals and related ideologies of ritual abuse, alongside their related use as justification and inspiration for extreme cruelty.17

Survivors of ritual abuse generally report this abuse as being less frequent to the other forms of abuse they were experiencing – taking place as organised ceremonies; often on specific calendar dates; involving an immediate circle of abusers or larger numbers (essentially paedophile rings coming together); and comprising a series of extreme tortures and abuses that are given ideological or religious justification (for example, a family pet being ‘sacrificed’) (Behrendt et al., 2020; Salter, 2013a; Sarson & MacDonald, 2008; Schröder, Nick, et al., 2020; Scott, 2001)….

6.1 Ideologies and themes
Schröder, Nick, et al. (2020) surveyed 165 adults reporting a history of organised abuse, 88% of whom named the involvement of ideology / ritual within it.18 Of this group, 72% reported Satanic ideology, 35% racist or fascist, and 30% ‘religious or free church’ (this category included Christianity, Jehovah’s Witnesses and Freemasonry). Smaller numbers reported Germanic, witchcraft, military or Kaballah narratives.19 These proportions were roughly similar to those reported in a parallel survey of therapists who worked with survivors of ritual abuse, who were asked what ritual ideologies their clients disclosed (Schröder et al., 2020). In Scott’s (2001) smaller survey of 36 survivors in Britain, 20 indicated that their abuse involved Satanic ideology; five named Mormonism, Roman Catholicism, Fundamentalist Christian, Masonic, neo-Nazi or Wicca (one naming two of these); and the remaining 11 were split between not knowing and being unwilling or too fearful to answer. The ideologies perpetrators draw upon will in large part reflect their cultural backdrop – mainstream beliefs and practices provide material that is co-opted and twisted into an abusive belief system, working to add credibility and power to it….

6.3 Acts of abuse and torture
What behavioural shape does this cruelty typically take? What abusive practices do these supernatural ideologies enable and these rituals comprise? In the survey of 165 survivors in Germany conducted by Schröder et al. (2020) discussed above, 96% reported that they were subjected to near-death experiences and 93% reported isolation with sensory deprivation. Similar percentages of the 174 surveyed therapists reported hearing disclosures of these forms of abuse in their work with survivors (97% and 95% respectively). And such experiences are also recounted by survivors in interviews (Scott, 2001; Salter, 2013a), heard in some court cases (for example see Lakeman, 1998; Miller, 1995; Scott, 2023), and documented in clinical case and helpline reports (Sarson & Macdonald, 2008; Scott, 1993). In their review of 37 patients with dissociative disorders who reported ritual abuse, Young et al. (1991) found that all of them reported near death experiences as part of the abuse, and 27 disclosed that they had been buried alive in coffins or graves….

10.3 Practices of disbelief and silence
The discourse of disbelief is inseparable from the practices that follow from it – practices that interactively work to keep it in place in a vicious spiral (Nelson, 2016). Such ‘practices of disbelief’ include hostility towards people who persist in calling attention to the issue, and their derogation and ridicule. To do so therefore carries significant reputational risk and so is understandably necessarily avoided by many. Relatedly, there is the practice of societal silence – around organised child abuse generally and ritual abuse in particular – from the media, from academia, and relevant societal institutions (notwithstanding notable exceptions) (Salter & Woodlock, 2023). Despite survivors continuing to disclose to helplines, therapists and trusted researchers, their experiences are rarely heard publicly. As noted, after the mid-1990s, research publications have declined. In tandem, the rigorous in-depth research that has been published has largely been ignored (Scott, personal communication). In the UK, statutory multi-agency child protection guidance went from including a definition of organised child abuse in 1991 to removing all mention of it by 2013 (Davies, 2014, 2016). The latest edition (HM Government, 2023) continues with this omission, and while it gives a definition of ‘extra-familial harm’ which includes the example of ‘modern slavery and trafficking’, it provides no definition of intrafamilial harm, let alone the organised and ritual abuse that this can include.57 This may encourage, or at least colludes with, statutory services applying higher thresholds to the investigation of this abuse (also see section below on disclosure and professional responses).

The principle seemed to be ‘let’s try not to investigate’; I thought ‘how much evidence do you want before we do?’ – it was far beyond what we’d usually need

Former Detective Chief Inspector Clive Driscoll on how allegations of ritualized abuse were approached within a UK police force
Organised intrafamilial and/or ritual abuse cases that do reach the courts are afforded scant media coverage, whilst in parallel the rehearsed story of ‘satanic panic’ is routinely used as a cautionary tale by commentators drawing attention to more modern (alleged) hysterias (for example, see Barnes, 2024; Joyce, 2021). Podcasts, documentaries and online sources such as Wikipedia58 continue to highlight and challenge conspiracy fictions, whilst giving no airtime to established cases and perpetuating the false dichotomy that ritual abuse must either be the product of conspiracy fantasies or non-existent (for example, Mostrous et al., 2022)….

Conspiracy theorising and logical errors in the discourse of disbelief
Claims that organised ritual abuse does not exist in the Western world must somehow deal with the evidence that it does. Several strategies are employed in this endeavour including:
• Simple omission – claiming that evidence which does exist does not (for example, convictions for ritual abuse)
• Applying a false dichotomy, as discussed above (‘either it’s a conspiracy theory or it doesn’t exist’ – rather than logically acknowledging that real cases and conspiracy theories can co-exist). In this endeavour, the views of those who take it seriously are misrepresented or caricatured
• Dismissing all recovered memories as false memories, despite the psychological and forensic evidence to the contrary59
• Holding a suspicion of Dissociative Identity Disorder and its origins in trauma, despite all the evidence to the contrary
• Asserting widespread malpractice by social workers. They are said to manipulate children into ritual abuse allegations because they see it everywhere, having been ‘contaminated’ by workshops and self-professed experts. A large scale review of referrals to police and social services (involving information from a diversity of sources) could find no evidence of such practice (Gallagher, 2001).
• Similarly, presupposing that huge numbers of therapists are applying methods that lead their clients to develop whole libraries of false memories (this is usually required to explain the numbers of people disclosing ritual abuse in anonymous surveys, on helplines, and the like). Not only do we lack substantive evidence that this is even possible (Brewin & Andrews, 2016),60 it would entail multiple therapists risking their reputation and livelihood (by going against professional codes of conduct) for no obvious gain….
https://www.hydrantprogramme.co.uk/assets/NPCC-Organised-ritual-abuse-and-its-wider-context-Degradation-deception-and-disavowal-July-2025-v2.pdf

Hydrant Programme – Ritualistic abuse
Today (Thursday 3 July) the National Police Chiefs’ Council in partnership with the National Association for People Abused in Childhood (NAPAC) is publishing Organised ritual abuse and its wider context: Degradation, deception and disavowal Ritualistic abuse – A research review and analysis by Dr Elly Hanson. The report unpacks the nature of organised ritual abuse, its motives and dynamics, the harm it causes and the barriers survivors face in speaking out. It also looks at the discourse of disbelief and conspiracy fictions which have kept it hidden for so long.
Humans have the potential to treat one another with extreme cruelty and this report deals with behaviour of this worst kind. To identify and surface the nature of ritual abuse and the abuses surrounding it, Dr Hanson draws extensively on primary research – this then providing the basis for a set of recommendations that lay out a whole system approach necessary to respond rightfully to this most horrific of crimes. https://www.hydrantprogramme.co.uk/our-work/ritualistic-abuse

Investigating and responding to ritualistic abuse, including witchcraft and spirit possession Operational Briefing Commissioned by the Hydrant Programme and NAPAC July 2025 https://www.hydrantprogramme.co.uk/assets/NPCC-Operational-Briefing-Investigating-and-responding-to-ritualistic-abuse-including-witchcraft-and-spirt-possession-July-2025-v4.pdf

Houses of the Holy: A Nightmare Web of Hate, Crime, Corruption and Child Abuse — a shocking true story of organized ritual abuse and systemic betrayal. When former special operations pilot Mark Harris sought to protect his children, he uncovered a hidden network of religious extremists, white supremacists, corrupt Freemasons, and government collusion. His efforts cost him everything. Supported by extensive documents and firsthand testimony, this explosive memoir reveals deep-rooted corruption in courts, churches, law enforcement, and politics. Houses of the Holy is both a survivor’s account and an urgent call for truth, justice, and accountability. https://books.google.com/books/about/Houses_of_the_Holy.html?id=im1JEQAAQBAJ&source=kp_book_description

How a Christian college ministry glorified a sex offender and enabled him to keep abusing students Daniel Savala urged generations of Chi Alpha members to get naked in his Houston sauna. Why did Assemblies of God pastors keep bringing teenagers to his home? A revered missionary challenged his young followers to live for Jesus; it was all part of his plot to get them undressed, he confessed later.
Article describes abuse
Aug. 4, 2025 By Mike Hixenbaugh HOUSTON — Daniel Savala leans back in a cloth armchair, raises his right hand and swears before God that what he’s about to say is the truth. Looking into the camera, the Pentecostal missionary speaks in slow, measured sentences, describing how, for decades, he gained the trust of college students who came to his ivy-draped bungalow in search of spiritual guidance. Using scripture, he convinced them they could open up about uncomfortable topics like pornography and masturbation. Then he would strike, touching their penises and pressuring them to touch his, all under the guise of bringing them closer to Jesus. “I knew that I was wrong,” Savala says in the video, filmed by a lawyer in 2023. “But I did it anyway.” …. In the two years since Savala recorded that confession at his home in Houston, lawyers, activists and whistleblowers have worked to untangle how a convicted sex offender with an eighth-grade education managed to convince scores of pastors and young Christians to put their faith in him — and why church officials repeatedly failed to stop him.

In police reports, lawsuits, online forums and interviews with NBC News, dozens of boys and young men have described how Savala spun his own twisted version of the Gospel. He taught them that seeing each other naked in his backyard sauna was essential to becoming true brothers in Christ — or, as he put it, “nudity is unity.” For those struggling with lustful temptation, he offered a counterintuitive solution: group masturbation, sometimes while listening to Christian worship music. He pushed some of his disciples further; in lawsuits, signed statements and criminal filings, at least 10 have accused him of sexually abusing them.
“He would say things like, ‘Hey, you know it’s OK to masturbate,’” said Joseph Cleveland, who says Savala groomed and sexually abused him for a decade beginning in 2004, when he was 15. “‘Because we’re brothers, we can do it together.’”

The pastors who shepherded hundreds of high school and college students to Savala’s home were part of Chi Alpha, a Christian ministry that evangelizes on university campuses. Students seek out Chi Alpha to connect with God and each other, through small Bible studies and rollicking worship services — and, for more than 30 years, through Savala. Generations of Chi Alpha leaders hailed him as a spiritual savant who could answer life’s deepest mysteries.
The boys and young men who devoted themselves to Savala called him “Papa Daniel,” “God’s vagabond” and “the holiest man alive.” At his direction, teams of students built the backyard sauna that became the site of his alleged crimes. So wrapped up in his teachings, his followers often didn’t see themselves as victims until years or decades later. At least one of the college students Savala sexually exploited later became a pastor and brought his own boys to learn from his master inside his darkened sauna. The reward for that minister’s devotion: Like Savala, he now faces the possibility of life in prison.
Savala’s ministry collapsed in early 2023 when several men came forward, some anonymously, to accuse him and some of his protégés of sexual abuse and exploitation, triggering a wave of criminal charges, lawsuits and pastor dismissals. Savala was arrested, and at least six Chi Alpha pastors, leaders and students who studied under him were charged with sexual abuse…. It wasn’t the first time officials with the Assemblies of God, the world’s largest Pentecostal denomination, have been accused of mishandling sex abuse allegations. In May, an NBC News investigation revealed how church leaders dismissed repeated abuse allegations against a charismatic children’s pastor named Joe Campbell in the 1980s, allowing him to remain in ministry for years as more alleged victims came forward….

Chi Alpha had a clear opportunity to break ties with Savala in 2012, when authorities in Alaska charged him with sexually abusing boys as a youth minister in the 1990s. Instead, ministry leaders in Texas rallied to his defense, sending a staff member to Alaska to pay his bail and — after Savala pleaded guilty to sexual abuse of a minor — organizing a letter-writing campaign to ask the judge for leniency. After a stint in jail, Savala went right back to hosting Chi Alpha students at his home in Houston….
In the decade that followed, at least half a dozen people contacted Assemblies of God officials in Texas and at the denomination’s national headquarters in Springfield, Missouri, alerting them that Chi Alpha was exposing students to a sex offender. These whistleblowers wrote emails, made phone calls and spoke up at internal meetings. Again and again, they were dismissed or ignored, NBC News found….
In a statement to NBC News, the Assemblies of God said it directed Chi Alpha leaders to stay away from Savala after receiving a report about him in 2018. Five years later, after receiving “reports of sexual abuse,” the denomination said it “took appropriate actions,” leading to the dismissal of more than a half dozen ministers with ties to Savala…..

In the summer of 2012, Eli Stewart, one of the top Chi Alpha pastors at Sam Houston State, wrote an urgent plea to ministry leaders and alumni: “Our dear friend Daniel needs you.”
Savala had recently been indicted in Alaska after he was accused of sexually abusing several boys at a church in the 1990s. Two of the boys, now men, had filed police reports, and Savala traveled there to face charges. Chi Alpha leaders had already dispatched a junior staff member to Alaska to pay Savala’s $10,000 bail and hired a lawyer to defend him. Now Stewart was calling for collective action.
Describing the allegations as “an absolute attack of the devil,” Stewart wrote that Savala was preparing to take a plea deal — not to reduce his sentence, but to protect the families of the men falsely accusing him. He called on his Chi Alpha brothers to write letters to the judge: “If you have children and would be comfortable having Daniel stay in your home or having your children at Daniel’s house, the judge needs to know that.”….
Savala’s victims have come to view his 2012 conviction as a line of demarcation. With his abuses out in the open, it was the moment when ministry leaders should have broken free from Savala’s influence, but instead chose the opposite path….
Over the next decade, the pattern repeated again and again. People came to church leaders with concerns about Savala, and those warnings went unheeded.

Ron Bloomingkemper Jr. had quit Chi Alpha at Sam Houston State in the late 1990s after he says Savala asked him to masturbate together. He was outraged years later, in 2013, when he learned of Savala’s child sex abuse conviction and continued connection to the ministry. Bloomingkemper said he called Tim Barker, a pastor and the superintendent of the Assemblies of God regional council that oversees the denomination in south Texas. Barker seemed concerned, Bloomingkemper said, and he promised to investigate. After a few months, Bloomingkemper called again. “I said, ‘I’m following up about the Daniel thing.’ And he goes, ‘I completely forgot about that.’” That’s when Bloomingkemper said he realized: “They’re not going to do anything about this.” Frustrated, he said he dropped the issue and tried to move on…. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/thomas-pinkerton-youth-pastor-arrested-sex-abuse-baltimore-maryland-rcna224311

‘He’s helping himself to your kids by the help of Chi Alpha leadership’: Student organization put Aggies, minors in contact with sex offender Nicholas Gutteridge May 1, 2023 https://thebatt.com/news/chi-alpha-organization-took-students-to-church-with-links-to-a-sex-offender-article_793cdc2e-e876-11ed-907b-d33f4dd8cad8-html/

Former youth pastor arrested after allegedly sexually abusing at least 6 teens
The alleged abuse occurred from 2006 to 2010 at the pastor’s home and at an Assemblies of God church in Baltimore County, Maryland, authorities said.
Aug. 11, 2025 By Elizabeth Chuck and Mike Hixenbaugh
This article is part of “Pastors and Prey,” a series investigating sex abuse allegations in the Assemblies of God. Thomas Pinkerton Jr. used to tell children in his youth group in Maryland that it was normal for a pastor to kiss boys on the lips, because that’s how Jesus greeted his disciples, according to an arrest warrant made public last week. Kissing was just the beginning, several men from Pinkerton’s former youth group told police.

Pinkerton, 52, a youth minister known as Pastor Tommy, is being held without bond following accusations that he sexually abused six teens from 2006 to 2010 while working at Central Christian Church, an Assemblies of God church in Baltimore County. He was extradited from his home state of Georgia to Maryland last Wednesday to face 24 felony and misdemeanor counts in Baltimore County. His attorney, Justin Hollimon, said he pleaded not guilty.
An arrest warrant said the alleged abuse included inappropriate touching and kissing of six teenagers in Maryland, who ranged in age from 13 to 19. The warrant said the alleged abuse happened at the church and at Pinkerton’s former home in Maryland. A seventh man reported abuse by Pinkerton in Georgia, according to the warrant, and that report was referred to authorities there, officials in Baltimore County said. Pinkerton, who has worked as a traveling evangelist in recent years, was “completely shocked” by the charges, his attorney said Monday….
Detectives believe there may be more victims and have asked anyone with information to come forward…. Pinkerton’s arrest comes as the Assemblies of God, the world’s largest Pentecostal denomination, with nearly 3 million members across 13,000 churches in the United States, is grappling with a string of child sex abuse allegations.

As part of an ongoing investigation into the denomination’s handling of abuse claims, NBC News published an investigation last week based on interviews, emails, court filings and police reports that examined how an Assemblies of God college ministry guided hundreds of students to the home of Daniel Savala, a convicted sex offender lauded by some as “the holiest man alive.” Days later, Assemblies of God leaders addressed the issue of sex abuse in the denomination during a biennial gathering in Orlando, defending their handling of the Savala case while also pledging to make changes to prevent similar abuses in the future. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/thomas-pinkerton-youth-pastor-arrested-sex-abuse-baltimore-maryland-rcna224311

Daughter of NJ police chief accuses him, others of ‘ritualistic’ abuse, years of sexual assault: court docs By Priscilla DeGregory and Alex Oliveira July 10, 2025
The daughter of a New Jersey police chief claims he repeatedly raped her for more than a decade as part of a “ritualistic” cult allegedly involving their neighbors, according to a shocking lawsuit she filed. Courtney Tamagny’s allegations against Leonia Police Chief Scott Tamagny, his neighbor Kevin Slevin and others have starkly divided the small Bergen County borough. Both men say that the claims were thoroughly investigated as high as the federal government and determined to be unfounded. Slevin has even countersued Courtney for defamation.

Courtney Tamagny, 20, alleges her father, Leonia Police Chief Scott Tamagny, sexually assaulted her and her sisters for years in a lawsuit. But Courtney has taken her claims public — appearing on podcasts and social media to describe the alleged sex abuse in detail, and sparking a Change.org petition to suspend her top cop dad.
The 20-year-old claims her father and Slevin heinously abused her in their home, alongside “ritualistic” worshippers in the woods near their house — and that the father allegedly threatened to murder her mother if she ever spoke up, according to court docs.
“[Courtney was brought] into the woods in Rockland County New York, and there was what appeared to be other middle-aged men present with masks on their faces,” the lawsuit claimed. “She recalls there being fire and animals being burned, and they would chant as if ritualistic.”
“She was sexually assaulted in those woods by defendant Slevin, defendant father, and some of the other men present,” it further claimed. The alleged abuse began in 2009 when Courtney was around 4 years old, with the lawsuit claiming it continued until 2020, when she was 15. Both of Courtney’s sisters were also allegedly subjected to abuse, according to the lawsuit, with their father allegedly using drugs to sedate them before assaulting them when their mother was either away or asleep with earplugs in a downstairs bedroom. The mother, Jeanne Tamagny, joined Courtney as a plaintiff on the lawsuit and is in the process of divorcing her husband….

Courtney claimed on the podcast that the neighborhood cultists had “tunnels” they would use to covertly operate their rituals, which allegedly included “taking kids’ blood,” “drum circles” and “burnings” that would last all night. “Burnings of animals, animal skins, humans as well,” she said on the show, claiming that much of the alleged violence was intended to terrify victims into silence. “What scared us the most is ‘OK, we’re doing this to these people we’ve trafficked, why wouldn’t we do this to you? Because we just did that to this young girl or this young boy,’” she continued to relay on the episode, adding that the alleged cult was part of a national cabal of satanists engaged in child trafficking. Other alleged cult activities she outlined on the podcast included sick “games” that always ended with kids being assaulted. …

Courtney also claimed on the podcast that her father used his position in local law enforcement to trap her in a world of abuse, and that anytime she reached out for help, she was rebuffed. In addition to suing her father and Slevin, Courtney also named the Bergen County Prosecutor’s Office, the State of New Jersey, various state child protective services and others. Chief Tamagny and Slevin have both vehemently denied the claims….
Slevin’s countersuit accuses Courtney of defamation, claiming her allegations have left him “exposed to public ridicule and held in disrepute,” and “extreme embarrassment and humiliation and severe mental distress.” Chief Tamagny’s attorney shared similar sentiments, calling the allegations “completely false and defamatory.”…. https://nypost.com/2025/07/10/us-news/daughter-of-nj-police-chief-accuses-him-others-of-ritualistic-abuse-years-of-sexual-assault-court-docs/

Knesset panel meeting reveals shocking testimonies of ritual abuse on minors
Multiple women came forward to testify about the sexual abuse they suffered as victims of organized ritual abuse when they were minors during a Sunday Knesset committee meeting. By KESHET NEEV JULY 28, 2025
The following contains sensitive material, reader discretion is advised.
Several women came forward to testify about the sexual abuse they suffered as victims of organized ritual abuse when they were minors during a Sunday Knesset committee meeting.
The meeting examined and questioned the response of state authorities to such incidents of ritual abuse. MKs criticized the attending police and government representatives for not taking enough action to investigate the matter…
The Sunday meeting came in the wake of the investigation opened on Friday against MK Hanoch Milwidsky (Likud) into sexual misconduct and obstruction of justice. Accusations against him include rape and witness tampering….
“I was a small child, five years old, and suffered four years of unbearable abuse,” she began. “Other children were present – I hear their screams in my head. They said I was born broken and needed fixing, or the world would suffer. They tied me in every possible way, used whips and electric shockers, and raped in bizarre ways,” she continued.

Another survivor, under the pseudonym “A,” described the abuse she endured between the ages of four and 20. At the age of 15, she said that she “was tied to a torture bed in Tel Aviv basements. They held a snake, inserted it into me, and I saw it covered in blood.”
“They slaughtered it into a vessel, mixed its blood with mine, and drank it. They said I was now a sacred gate. I believe one of my parents was involved. They picked me up from school. In my case, the police were empathetic, but the prosecutor closed the case, saying that it wasted too much time,” she explained. A. also criticized the Education Ministry for not doing enough to help her. “The Education Ministry could have helped. In seventh grade, they realized something was wrong,” she said.

An additional testimony by victim Yael Ariel described how she was forced to harm other victims. “We underwent training and paid a very heavy price for leaving. For years, we lived broken and lost. There were boys who were also harmed. I’m certain some victims committed suicide. Others are hospitalized in psychiatric wards,” she said. “There was the rape of children. Some children witnessed murders. I have around 60 testimonies from all sectors of society. I had approached the police,” Ariel said….
The representatives said that there have been ongoing investigations conducted by the police’s Lahav 105 unit, in charge of investigating crimes against minors. “It’s clear that Israel does not treat cults as it should,” Tamano-Shata said.
“You need to bring legislation on cults. It must come from the Justice Ministry, and it keeps falling through,” the committee chairwoman told the representatives.

Hearing the testimonies of the victims, Tamano-Shata called on Israel Police to “move themselves.” She also explained to the attending state representatives the importance of going back at least a decade to break down the sexual offense reports from each year while investigating to find ritual abuse.
During the meeting, Lazimi also underscored to the representatives the importance of looking into the ritual aspect of sexual abuse crimes…. https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/politics-and-diplomacy/article-862528

Survivors testify: MKs participated in sadistic sexual ‘rituals’ involving minors
‘Doctors, educators, police officers, and past and present members of the Knesset were involved in these abuses,’ survivor says. By ELIAV BREUER
JUNE 3, 2025 17:06 (Warning: The following contains sensitive material, reader discretion is advised.) Several women on Tuesday testified in the Knesset about sexual abuse they suffered as minors as part of religious ritual ceremonies. The testimonies came during a joint meeting of the Knesset’s Committee on the Status of Women and Gender Equality, chaired by MK Pnina Tameno-Shete (National Unity), and the Special Committee on Young Israelis, chaired by MK Naama Lazimi (The Democrats)…. Yael Ariel, one of the abuse survivors, shared: “I experienced ritual abuse over many years until my late teens and was forced to harm other children. I chose to speak out and make my voice heard. I received threats after revealing my story. From age five to age 20, I was harmed in these ceremonies.”
According to Ariel, she received testimonies from several women who claimed that doctors, educators, police officers, and past and present members of the Knesset were involved in these abuses. “I filed a complaint with the police that was closed after a few months, and I know of other cases that were closed. Speaking out today in the Knesset is a historic moment,” she said.
Another survivor, Yael Shitrit, testified: “You have no idea what ritual abuse is. The human brain cannot comprehend it. You can’t imagine what it means to program a three-year-old girl through rape and sadism so they can do whatever they want without anyone knowing.

“Their trafficking of me happened all over the country. They moved me from ceremony to ceremony. Naked men stood in a circle. My therapist, her husband, and her son harmed me, and there were dozens of other girls and boys who harmed me.
“There were ceremonies and rituals meant to make me forget,” Shitrit continued. “The police have known about this for a year, but they don’t have the tools to deal with it. The people who will fall are very, very senior figures. These people run communities and government agencies. They threaten us. I have children I need to protect. Something needs to be set up that can deal with this….
“Several years ago, I received descriptions of sadistic abuse of children,” Goldberg said. “The accounts sounded absurd. [But] the testimonies kept coming and would not let up. They described gang rape by men, and sometimes by women. The abuse was filmed, and drugs were used. There were ritual practices and symbolism.

“I presented the police with written testimonies from five women. To this day, no one has contacted me. Since the report, additional testimonies have surfaced,” Goldberg said. A representative of the Israel Police, Ch.-Supt. Anat Yakir, said that there was a national unit reviewing all cases and that the complaints were “a top priority in the intelligence division.”….
One testified that a cousin trafficked her beginning at age 11. “At 14, he took me to sadistic clubs. I endured torture and starvation at the hands of well-known and prominent individuals. I suffered harm in endless ways.
“There were public events, and there were internal ceremonies where I was tied to a tall post with handcuffs. Around me, there were other handcuffed victims with rituals of drinking menstrual blood and the slaughter of cats and other animals. They told me no one would believe me if I spoke out.”
She continued that she filed a complaint with the police five years ago. “The prosecution closed the case due to lack of evidence, so I appealed, and it was accepted. I came to testify while on pregnancy bed rest, but the case was closed again due to lack of evidence. “They said I was imagining things. I presented a recorded testimony from someone who admitted to harming me, but she was never summoned for questioning…. https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-856407

‘Bottom of darkness’: Children raped in ritual ceremonies expose the horrors Multiple women recount organized abuse including ritual ceremonies conducted by people they knew, even close family members – after months of interviews with victims, their families, treatment professionals and experts in Israel and abroad, a disturbing picture emerges with descriptions difficult to read. by Noam Barkan 04-23-2025
“I suffered painful sodomy, truly felt like I was splitting in two. It’s a terrible experience, but there’s something about these things, perhaps in their strangeness, that’s like… maybe the hardest component is that if you tell people about these things, they’ll think you’re crazy. I remember many types of severe sexual abuse, but there’s something about these ritualistic abuses that makes them the bottom of darkness.”
In direct words and with a clear voice, Emunah (pseudonym, like all victims’ names in this article) describes the severe abuse she allegedly experienced in her childhood. Organized sexual abuse that included “ceremonies” with supposed religious significance. Horrifying ceremonies in which religious people, some from her own family, sacrificed her as an offering for spiritual transcendence or redemption.

Emunah is not alone. More than ten women between the ages of 20-45 with whom we spoke describe a severe phenomenon raising serious concern that in Israel, like many countries worldwide, organized sexual abuse of children is occurring right under everyone’s nose. “Perhaps the world knows that rape occurs, that incest exists, but this the world doesn’t know,” Emunah said. “These acts have been kept secret for years, perhaps because of their insanity… it was always very, very strange. As if there was an internal logic, but it was so crazy… very strange things happen there, normalized in a ritualistic and orderly manner. There’s a specific time, there’s when to say this verse and when to say that verse, there’s an order as if things are supposed to be done this way…”
Each woman we interviewed during our investigation has a different life story. They come from different areas of the country, from north to south. Each is at a different place in her life. Some are students, others work and manage careers and family lives, and there are also young women barely surviving, clinging to life by their fingernails.

These women did not know each other previously, grew up in different communities, and come from different sectors and religious streams. Yet the ritual abuse stories they describe are similar in ways that compel us to listen and not turn a blind eye. Some were harmed in early childhood educational settings or in girls’ schools, others in their family homes, yeshivas or synagogues. In this article, we present only a very small sample from many hours of interviews and information, and some descriptions in this article are difficult to read. The great fear expressed by everyone who spoke with us is that organized sexual abuse of children continues even today…. Https://www.israelhayom.com/2025/04/23/bottom-of-darkness-children-raped-in-ritual-ceremonies-expose-the-horrors/

 

Sunday, October 20, 2024

Ritualistic Abuse Survivors Difficulties Obtaining Services – Neil Brick

Ritualistic Abuse Survivors Difficulties Obtaining Services

Neil Brick

Neil Brick is a survivor of ritualistic abuse. His work continues to educate the public about child abuse, trauma, and ritualistic abuse crimes. His child abuse and ritualistic abuse newsletter S.M.A.R.T. and website have been published for over 29 years.  https://ritualabuse.us http://neilbrick.com

Ritualistic Abuse Survivors Difficulties Obtaining Services

 Ritualistic abuse survivors have struggled to obtain adequate mental health and social support services for over twenty years. This problem has been exacerbated by a lack of trained providers and adequate social services to deal with the complex problems ritualistic abuse survivors present. Most clinicians do not receive proper training due to severe trauma topics and their symptomatology not being adequately covered in their master level training programs or in post continuing education training. Very few organizations are available to educate clinicians and survivors about the research in the field. Insurance companies often do not adequately cover services for long term treatment. Social services employees are not adequately trained to work with severe trauma survivors.

Ritualistic Abuse Survivors Difficulties Obtaining Services

 There is a paucity of training regarding trauma informed services and ways to work with clients suffering from dissociative disorders. Application guidelines often make it very difficult for ritualistic abuse survivors to receive in the timelines given. Survivors may have difficulties getting to offices, getting on the Internet or filling out paperwork. This presentation will include the presenter’s own struggles receiving adequate services over the last thirty years. Issues to be discussed will include the symptomatology of dissociative disorders, attachment disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, economic problems, and social barriers. Solutions to decrease and eliminate these difficulties will be discussed. These will include public advocacy, public education, survivor training, and the building of a research base to help survivors and their helpers move forward to prevent these difficulties in the future.

Presentation Objectives

Discuss the four key concepts regarding the lack of education for those working with ritualistic abuse survivors.

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtaining services.

Describe ways ritualistic abuse survivors and their helpers can change the present system to increase services for these survivors.

Trigger Warning: This presentation contains information (written, spoken, or visual) that may be triggering or (re)traumatizing to attendees.

 Ritualistic abuse survivors have struggled to obtain adequate mental health and social support services for over twenty years.

Research in health and welfare settings has found that adults with histories of organised and/or ritualistic abuse are presenting in a range of health and welfare contexts (Cooper, 2004; Schmuttermaier & Veno, 1999) although their complex mental health needs often go unmet (Courtney & Williams, 1995; Freer & Seymour, 2003; NSW Health, 1997). (Salter, 2012)

Ritualistic abuse survivors have struggled to obtain adequate mental health and social support services for over twenty years.

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtaining services

 Mental health care needs of people who have been subject to organised abuse

 The research literature links sexual abuse or coercion in childhood to a range of mental, physical and sexual health problems in adulthood (Maniglio, 2009) although not all sexually abused children experience such long-term effects (Rind et al., 1998). The impact of sexual abuse upon victims is related to such factors as the child’s familial and community environment and relationship between perpetrator and victim (Briere & Elliott, 1993) and particular characteristics of abuse. The factors associated with long-term harm amongst sexual abuse victims, such as multiple perpetrators, more frequent incidents of abuse, a longer period of abuse, familial perpetrators, the use of  force/threats/drugs and penetrative abuse (Briere & Runtz, 1988; Casey & Nurius, 2005; Dube et al., 2005) are common features of organised abuse (Gallagher et al., 1996) (Salter, 2012)

 Ritualistic abuse survivors have struggled to obtain adequate mental health and social support services for over twenty years.

In particular, these characteristics are associated with complex forms of post-traumatic stress disorder and dissociative spectrum disorders. In cases of organised abuse, clinicians have suggested that traumatic and Dissociative psychopathology may be deliberately induced by sexually abusive groups to inhibit victim disclosure and reduce the likelihood of detection (Epstein et al., 2011; Miller, 2012; Sachs & Galton, 2008), resulting in what Chu (2011, p. 263) has described as “massive devastation of the self”. Shengold (1979) employed the term “soul murder” to describe the subjective experience of “living-deadness” produced by early, chronic and repetitive abuse. There is ample evidence that people with histories of organised abuse constitute a population of mental health patients with acute and complex needs (Ross, 1995; Noblitt & Perskin, 2000; Sachs & Galton, 2008). This literature overlaps with the body of clinical literature and research on dissociative spectrum disorders, particularly DID, that has developed since the 1980s (Fraser, 1990; Kluft et al., 1984; Mollon, 1996). Middleton (2005, p. 41) (Salter, 2012)

Ritualistic abuse survivors have struggled to obtain adequate mental health and social support services for over twenty years.

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtaining services

There are many underserved communities that have been historically marginalized, oppressed, and exploited. Sexual abuse survivors are one such group whose oppression is becoming recognized due to advocacy and social movements such as the “Me Too” Movement, although there has also been a backlash (Noblitt & Noblitt, 2021).  Unfortunately, even when healthcare providers are at their best in terms of competence and ethical practice, there continue to be daunting and sometimes overwhelming systemic obstacles for extreme abuse survivors. (Noblitt – Extreme, 2024)

Organized and ritual child sexual abuse (ORA) is often rooted in the child’s own family. Empirical evidence on possible associations between ORA and trauma-related symptoms in those who report this kind of extreme and prolonged violence is rare. The aim of our study was to explore socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the individuals reporting ORA experiences, and to investigate protective as well as promotive factors in the link between ORA and trauma-related symptom severity. Within the framework of a project of the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse in Germany, we recruited 165 adults who identified themselves as ORA victims via abuse- and trauma-specific networks and mailing lists, and they completed an anonymous online survey. We used variance analyses to examine correlations between several variables in the ORA context and PTSD symptoms (PCL-5) as well as somatoform dissociation (SDQ-5). Results revealed a high psychic strain combined with an adverse health care situation in individuals who report experiences with ORA. Ideological strategies used by perpetrators as well as Dissociative Identity Disorders experienced by those affected are associated with more severe symptoms (η2p = 0.11; η2p = 0.15), while an exit out of the ORA structures is associated with milder symptoms (η2p = 0.11). Efforts are needed to improve health care services for individuals who experience severe and complex psychiatric disorders due to ORA in their childhood.  (Schroder, 2018)

This problem has been exacerbated by a lack of trained providers and adequate social services to deal with the complex problems ritualistic abuse survivors present.

Discuss the four key concepts regarding the lack of education for those working with ritualistic abuse survivors.

Deficits in trauma training

Deficits in training regarding dissociative disorders

Deficits in training regarding organized/ritual abuse

Deficits in training regarding toxic stress

This problem has been exacerbated by a lack of trained providers and adequate social services to deal with the complex problems ritualistic abuse survivors present.

 Teaching Trauma and Dissociation in Higher Education – Clinicians can contribute to the wellbeing of extreme abuse survivors directly by providing competent professional services. We can also assist by training graduate students who will become future clinicians. Folz and colleagues (2023) found deficits in trauma-informed training in their sample of 193 APA-accredited clinical psychology programs. Only 5% required a course relevant to trauma-informed care, resulting in only 8% of graduates receiving such formal training. (Noblitt – Teaching – 2024)

Many clinicians are not well informed about the psychological effects of trauma. Many clinicians are unfamiliar with dissociation. Many universities do not provide sufficient training on this topic. Foltz, R., Kaeley, A., Kupchan, J., Mills, A., Murray, K., Pope, A., Rahman, H., & Rubright, C. (2023). Trauma-informed care? Identifying training deficits in accredited doctoral programs. Psychological Trauma : Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 10.1037/tra0001461.  (Noblitt – Teaching, 2024)

This problem has been exacerbated by a lack of trained providers and adequate social services to deal with the complex problems ritualistic abuse survivors present.

My personal experience (Noblitt): No dissociation and trauma training until in private practice seeing clients with histories of trauma and dissociation. I joined a “study group” and attended continuing education programs. Lack of support by some institutions and threats from the backlash. (Noblitt – Teaching, 2024)

In the patient care setting, particularly in trauma or other disciplines that care for individuals from oppressed populations, it is common to encounter patients who carry histories of individual, interpersonal, and/or collective trauma. These experiences impact both patient health and the ways in which they engage with their healthcare. Given that there is neither time nor precedent to understand ACE and trauma history before trauma evaluation, it is imperative that care providers recognize the impact of the unspoken traumas that are brought to the clinical encounter.  Most clinicians do not receive proper training due to severe trauma topics and their symptomatology not being adequately covered in their master level training programs or in post continuing education training. (Grossman et al, 2021)

This problem has been exacerbated by a lack of trained providers and adequate social services to deal with the complex problems ritualistic abuse survivors present.

Healthcare services themselves can unintentionally traumatize or re-traumatize people….Using trauma-informed care in a universal precaution method can address these concerns. One practical solution is to ask patients broad trauma inquiry such as “Have you had any life experiences that you feel have impacted your health and well-being?”8 Questions like these allow surgical teams and providers to understand not only acute traumas present, the potential causal interpersonal aspects of this trauma, but also the effects of collective/structural trauma.9 The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHSA) summarizes this type of trauma-informed proactive approach as the “4 R’s” wherein providers seek to Realize how trauma affects the individuals and communities they serve in their practice, Recognize the symptoms of trauma in their patients, Respond to patients in a trauma-informed way, and Resist Re-traumatization of patients.10 This stance allows care providers to move beyond the conception of “what’s wrong with you” when assessing patients, to the broader question “what happened to you and how has what happened affected you?” This advances providers’ ability to pro-actively address trauma histories by asking patients what would be helpful before healthcare encounters, and to collaborate with healthcare teams to offer referrals or resources as needed.11 This universal trauma approach allows providers to address “hidden” traumas (undisclosed or unaccounted), as well as those that are rooted in collective and structural trauma. (Grossman et al, 2021)

Toxic stress, historical trauma, and epigenetics (The importance of receiving proper care.)

Toxic stress can come from trauma at all levels, and stress can come from all levels of trauma. For example, a person can experience relative resiliency in their personal lives, while still experiencing intergenerational trauma due to historical occurrences such as slavery or genocide. The stress response is understood as both psychological and physiologic. When the body’s fight or flight, or adrenergic, response is activated, stress hormones like epinephrine and cortisol are released. Over time, when the stressful stimulus is removed, individuals return to homeostasis and the stress response subsides. However, for individuals who live in situations of chronic stress, it can become difficult to return to homeostasis. This experience of living with chronic stress and constant, low level activation of the adrenergic system creates changes in the brain, learning, and responses, and creates altered reactions to stress in the future. Known as toxic stress, this response has been linked to poor health outcomes, increased incidence of psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, and decreased immune responses. (Grossman et al, 2021)

Social services employees are not adequately trained to work with severe trauma survivors. There is a paucity of training regarding trauma informed services and ways to work with clients suffering from dissociative disorders.

“Trauma-informed care has become a pillar of competent psychological services. A foundation in understanding trauma and its treatment should be viewed as essential for clinical psychologists entering the field, as working with individuals that have experienced trauma is inevitable” (p. 1188).  Although this article is about psychologists, can we agree that all MH professionals should have these skills and competencies?  (Noblitt – Teaching, 2024)

Another surprising thing about the literature of trauma-informed care is that it is difficult to find much information or commentary about extreme abuse. One exception is Dr. Cortny Stark’s informative case study of “Sarah” where the author described the details of a sophisticated trauma-informed approach. The author noted that “Clients who report complex childhood trauma, particularly ritual and cultic abuse, often present information in session that seems chaotic and emotionally charged. Providing clients with a rationale for both understanding their problem and the necessary treatment is essential to achieving positive outcomes” (Stark, 2019, p. 51). My question is how can clinicians be truly trauma-informed if they deny, neglect, or ignore extreme abuse? (Noblitt – Trauma, 2024)

Building a trauma-informed organization

Understanding trauma-informed principles and the effects of ACEs on the provider–patient relationship is not enough; it is critical to implement trauma-informed practices throughout the institution. Physicians are in a position within hospitals, educational institutions, and medical systems to build an entire system that is trauma-informed.19 This can be accomplished through formal teaching and training, mentoring, and through the establishment of trauma-informed institutional structures. Nursing literature has informed the field on trauma-informed care for decades.20–22 A synthesis of the nursing literature on TIC revealed the following themes: trauma screening and patient disclosure, provider–patient relationships, minimizing distress and maximizing autonomy, multidisciplinary collaboration and referrals, and advancement of TIC in diverse settings. (Grossman et al, 2021)

Trauma-informed care

For clients. Trauma-informed organizations strive to create physically and emotionally safe spaces and prioritize practices that honor victim voice and choice.[17] Implementing trauma-informed care requires changes to the practices and policies at all levels of the organization to ultimately prevent re-traumatization of clients seeking services. In being trauma-informed in their approaches, many systems presume every person who walks through their doors has been exposed to abuse, violence, neglect, or other traumatic event(s).[18] When implemented properly, trauma-informed care fosters resilience in victims. Resilience is the capacity to cope with stress, overcome adversity, and thrive in life, despite one’s victimization experience or other life challenges. Building resilience in victims is an ongoing process that requires continual time and effort from both the victim and service provider. (Kolis, 2018)

Implementing trauma-informed care

 Implementing trauma-informed care can be complex and requires changes within the structures and environment of the organization.[35] These structures may include the mission, staffing, policies, protocols, procedures, culture, and the physical environment of the organization. SAMHSA offers these domains that should be considered during implementation of trauma-informed care:

   Governance and Leadership: Support and fully invest in implementation and sustainability.

    Policy: Establish and reinforce trauma-informed care as the organizational mission.

    Physical Environment: Foster a sense of safety and collaboration.

    Victim Engagement and Involvement: Actively involve victims and their voices actively in all aspects of decision-making within the organization.

    Cross Sector Collaboration: Promote a shared understanding of trauma-informed aspects and principles across all sectors. (Kolis, 2018)

Implementing trauma-informed care (cont.)         

Screening, Assessment, Treatment Services: Complete trauma assessment and screening to guide the care plan. A referral system must be in place for treatment services that the organization is unable to deliver.

    Training and Workforce Development: Conduct ongoing training and development of staff.

    Progress Monitoring and Quality Assurance: Engage in ongoing assessment, tracking, and monitoring of trauma-informed practices for quality assurance.

    Financing: Build financial structures to support and plan for sustainability.

    Evaluation: Create evaluation designs that reflect an understanding of trauma and utilize appropriate trauma-oriented research instruments (Kolis, 2018)

Dissociative patients are an underserved group.

According to Dr. Bethany Brand dissociative “patients are an underserved group who are sometimes distressed and even mistreated rather than helped by clinicians” (Brand, 2024, p. 69). What factors may be at the root of the failure of some providers to appropriately recognize and treat dissociative patients? I suggest that financial interests play a significant role in the maltreatment of survivors by clinicians. Most clinicians do not receive proper training due to severe trauma topics and their symptomatology not being adequately covered in their master level training programs or in post continuing education training.  Very few organizations are available to educate clinicians and survivors about the research in the field.  (Noblitt – Extreme, 2024)

 It may be possible that health care professionals without experience in treating trauma more frequently attribute dissociative and hallucination symptoms to classic psychiatric diagnoses like schizophrenia or BPD than to controversial and/or neglected disorders like DID [73]. A possible high rate of inaccurate psychiatric diagnoses by health care professionals may also result in an application of inadequate psychotherapeutic methods, a lack of effective psychotherapeutic methods, or inadequate psychopharmacological treatment, and may lead to a poor health care situation despite the previously-proposed good integration into health care structures. The possible inaccuracy of the participants’ appraisal regarding incorrect diagnoses is associated with a limited validity, and suggests a more precise elaboration in future research, for example, by examining this topic in a sample of psychotherapists, who are experienced in diagnosing and treating individuals with ORA experiences.  (Schroder, 2018)

Insurance companies often do not adequately cover services for long term treatment.

 

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtainIt is estimated that about half of the US population is diagnosed with a mental illness at some point in their life; in 2015, ∼20% of all adults had a mental illness and 4% had serious mental illness and over one-fifth of children had a serious mental illness.1 Mental illnesses are identified as the third most common cause of hospitalizations among 18–44 years old adults 2 and lead to a shorter life expectancy. 3 In the United States, mental illness accounts for the second largest disease burden, and severe mental health disorders account for about a quarter of hospital admissions and disability payments. 4 About half of these chronic illnesses begin by age 14 and 75% begin by age 24. 1 If detected early in childhood or adolescence, many mental health conditions can be managed effectively or occasionally prevented entirely in adulthood, which will substantially reduce the economic and psychological burden.

 Despite evidence that early detection and treatment can ease the impact on outcomes and reduce the prevalence of mental illnesses, ∼70% of children and adolescents do not receive needed mental health treatment services.4,5 Inadequate insurance coverage for mental illness is reported as one of the primary reasons for such insufficient access.4,6,7 (Heboyan, 2021)

Insurance companies often do not adequately cover services for long term treatment.

 

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtaining services

We found that the number of mental health treatment visits declined as cumulative exposure to mental health insurance legislation increased; a 10 unit (or 10.3%) increase in the law exposure strength resulted in a 4% decline in the number of mental health visits. We also found that state mental health insurance laws are associated with reducing mental health treatments and disparities within at-risk subgroups. Prolonged exposure to comprehensive mental health laws across a person’s childhood and adolescence may reduce the demand for mental health visitations in adulthood, hence, reducing the burden on the payors and consumers. Further, as the exposure to the mental health law strengthened, the gap between at-risk subgroups was narrowed or eliminated at the highest policy exposure levels. (Heboyan, 2021)

Insurance companies often do not adequately cover services for long term treatment.

Research has established a link between ACEs and problems in adulthood, including mental health problems, substance misuse, and underemployment.41 Our study suggests that stronger mental health insurance laws are associated with a significantly lower number of visits as an adult reported by those with 3+ ACEs in childhood as compared with those with 3+ ACES who were exposed to weak mental health laws. Taken in the context of the mental health care needs of those experiencing ACEs, our study implies that mental health insurance laws are likely important for improving adult outcomes for those experiencing a greater need as a child. While additional research is needed to further establish these linkages and pathways, our results suggest that strong mental health insurance laws are an important moderator. These findings are very promising and may guide policymakers and mental health advocates on improving access and utilization of mental health services in the future. (Heboyan, 2021)

Survivor dependency on Medicaid insurance or other public assistance

 Based on my own clinical practice, many, if not most survivors are at a financial disadvantage due to their histories that likely interrupted their education, job training, earnings capacity, and social development leaving them without the money for private insurance and leaving them dependent on Medicaid insurance or other public assistance. Medicaid is notorious for its poor reimbursement policies and is typically eschewed unless it is a secondary payer to Medicare or some other private insurance provider. Fewer and fewer clinicians and facilities are willing to see Medicaid patients and when they do, are willing to do so for only brief therapy or diagnostics. And in order to obtain the highest reimbursement from Medicaid, the clinicians may attribute diagnoses such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or others to their dissociative patients that rely primarily on medication rather than psychotherapy, according to insurers. This leaves the psychiatrist or psychotherapist with only a requirement for a quarterly 15-minute medication check to determine whether the prescribed medications are adequate or require adjustment. The problem is that for patients who do not actually experience schizophrenia or like disorders, the medication is unlikely to be helpful and this may result in unnecessary changes to medications and dosages that may be equally ineffective but that satisfy Medicaid’s requirements for reimbursement. (Noblitt – Extreme, 2024)

Application guidelines often make it very difficult for ritualistic abuse survivors to receive in the timelines given.

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtaining services
Describe ways ritualistic abuse survivors and their helpers can change the present system to increase services for these survivors

As healthcare providers we need to recognize that extreme abuse survivors are an underserved community, and advocate for their recognition and their opportunity to access health services, employment, and disability-related supports. But the solution to this serious dilemma may be political rather than therapeutic. Where once the processing time for applying for Social Security disability programs including Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) was 30-60 days, the processing time is now 200-300 days nationally. In California, the average processing time is 245 days. And the initial application is only the first step. It is safe to assume that the initial application will be denied, since that is the fate of the majority of applications unless it can be demonstrated that the individual has a potentially fatal condition such as stage IV cancers, end stage renal disease, or being on the UNOS organ transplant list. Denied initial applications require the claimant to file a reconsideration appeal that will also likely result in the same processing time as the initial application. It is only after receiving a denial for the reconsideration appeal that the claimant can request a hearing before an administrative law judge, the stage at which most claimants are awarded benefits. (Noblitt- Extreme, 2024)

 

Application guidelines often make it very difficult for ritualistic abuse survivors to receive in the timelines given.

Describe reasons why ritualistic abuse survivors have difficulties obtaining services
Describe ways ritualistic abuse survivors and their helpers can change the present system to increase services for these survivors

Likewise, the reimbursement schedule for Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurers must be more realistically restructured in accordance with the cost of living. Increasing the numbers of public mental healthcare facilities that feature adequate numbers of appropriately trained mental health providers is essential. And providing for adequate housing, access to food, social services, medical treatment, and safety for survivors is an absolute. This will require providers and survivors to petition local, state and federal elected officials to recognize dissociative patients as an underserved population and develop services that meet these people’s needs. (Noblitt- Extreme, 2024)

Survivors may have difficulties getting to offices, getting on the Internet or filling out paperwork.

Studies from the early 2000s reported that parity laws increased mental health treatment utilization by adults with mild symptoms and low-income individuals. However, only a small effect was reported among children.9,12–14 Results from more recent studies were not conclusive. McGinty et al15 found increased utilization of substance use disorder treatment, while others reported no changes in these rates.16–20 Li and Ma4 identified that state mental health insurance laws resulted in modest increases in mental health care utilization among children from middle-income families. Sipe et al21 found that although mental health legislation broadly appeared to improve mental health outcomes for US populations, generally, few studies examine high-risk populations who experience access problems (p. 763).21 (Heboyan, 2021)

Survivors may have difficulties getting to offices, getting on the Internet or filling out paperwork.

Alternatively, some dissociative patients may seek treatment from state, county, or city public mental health facilities, also chronically understaffed and underfunded. While the mental healthcare professionals may be caring and understanding of the patient’s true diagnosis and appropriate treatment, they often do not have the time or latitude to provide needed care due to the guidelines imposed by the facilities and huge caseloads with which the providers are tasked. Furthermore, in addition to the scarcity of affordable mental healthcare, there are competing issues for the patient around transportation and meeting basic needs for housing, food, and safety that interfere with their mobility and ability to adhere to a regular therapy schedule where such services exist.  (Noblitt – Extreme, 2024)

 This presentation will include the presenter’s own struggles receiving adequate services over the last thirty years.

Problems getting insurance

Problems finding trained therapists

Cost of therapy

Trust issues

Attachment issues

Work issues/scheduling

Issues to be discussed will include the symptomatology of dissociative disorders, attachment disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, economic problems, and social barriers.

Lack of training regarding these diagnoses and misdiagnoses.

Abuse and dissociation: a cycle

Dissociation is created through severe abuse

The existence of dissociation then allows further abuse to be committed, as the horror and hurt are disowned and future danger ignored.

The trauma caused by continual exposure to abuse (as a victim, witness, perpetrator or a combination of them) necessitates further use of dissociation.  The more this cycle is repeated, the more entrenched it becomes. This is a dissociative disorder.  (Sachs, 2024)

The Attachment RelationshipAttachment is an instinct – Activated by fear and distress – Alleviated by the attachment figure’s attention

The attachment relationship:

High & frequent distress

Dependency, Attentive parenting

Independence

Concrete Infanticidal Attachment:

Essential Attributes

A childhood (or longer) of involvement in violent, sadistic and life-threatening crime as a victim, witness, perpetrator or any combination of them.

These crimes are carried out within a group to which one belongs, willingly or otherwise, such as a religious sect, a family, a military offshoot, a paedophile ring etc.

This group serves as the person’s attachment figure (note the attachment plurality, mirrored in the structure of DID).

Within the group, the relevant crimes are deemed moral or even virtuous (if not legal).

The deepest moments of relatedness to the attachment figure (the group) are reached during the performance of these crimes.

The severity of the DID is related to the perceived cohesiveness, size and power of the group as a whole, as well as to the intensity of the violence.  (Sachs, 2024)

Trauma and Psychological Disorders

Trauma factors into a variety of psychological disorders and conditions that otherwise one might not expect. For example, in a large sample of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder (577 participants) Samantha Russell and her colleagues found that “12 % (n =75) reported one trauma, 72 % (n =417) reported multiple traumas, and 14 % (n =85) had an identified comorbid diagnosis of PTSD” (2024, p. 278). The authors concluded that, “An important practical implication of this study is the need for trauma informed care in health care services, not only to improve the identification of trauma and PTSD in patients, but to improve health outcomes of the patients and their families” (2024, p. 280). Common problems in living such as insomnia are being seen as potentially related to trauma experiences (Fellman et al. 2021). (Noblitt – Trauma, 2024)

The Impact of Trauma on Individual Health

Traumatic experiences can leave victims with a multitude of symptoms, including, but not limited to, a loss of hope, excessive fear, strained relationships with family, friends, employers, and others, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and feelings of excessive guilt or self-blame.[3] Collectively, these symptoms can be referred to as traumatic stress reactions and may be indicators of PTSD. Traumatic stress reactions often impact an individual’s behavioral and physical health, and affect daily functioning.[4] (Kolis, 2018)

 

Complex clinical pictures of severe trauma-related and dissociative disorders

 Clients who identify as victims of ORA present themselves in a range of health and welfare contexts, and report complex clinical pictures of severe trauma-related and dissociative disorders [19]. Health care professionals, who support clients reporting ORA experiences, observe clinical syndromes that go beyond clinical criteria of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), which are primarily interpersonal disturbances, negative self-concepts, and affect dysregulation [20,21]. Individuals with complex PTSD tend to show higher dissociation scores than those with PTSD, and dissociation scores are further related to fear of relationships and withdrawal from shame-evoking situations [22]. Dissociative disorders, characterized by disruptions and/or discontinuities during the normal processes of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior [23], have been frequently attributed to severe trauma experienced during early childhood [24]. Dissociative experiences, ranging from mild detachment from current surroundings to severe detachment and identity fragmentation, allow for psychological protection through detachment when fight/flight responses are impossible [25]. Evidence suggests a link between accumulated exposure to various types of trauma (e.g., sexual, physical, and emotional abuse) and severity of dissociation symptoms [26]. (Schroder, 2018)

Complex clinical pictures of severe trauma-related and dissociative disorders (cont.)

Females of a German sample with either dissociative identity disorder (DID), which is the most severe syndrome of this spectrum, or a dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS), which comprises clinical pictures that do not meet full but similar criteria, suffered from five comorbid diagnoses on average, whereas most of them had a clinically-diagnosed PTSD comorbidity [27,28,29]. Somatoform dissociation (SD) is another clinical picture, which is often related to traumatic experiences, especially child sexual abuse [30,31] or exposure to cumulative trauma and bodily threat [32]. Nijenhuis and colleagues introduced the concept of SD, referring to dissociative symptoms, which phenomenologically involve the body, and comprise a reduction up to a complete loss of sensory perception and/or motor control, as well as involuntary perception of sensory (e.g., prickling), motor (e.g., tremors) and/or pain symptoms [33]. The appearance of such symptoms, after prolonged and repeated trauma, can be explained by the concept of the defense cascade: existential threats first prompt excessive physiological arousal (to prepare the organisms for fight/flight responses). Upon lack of escape options, this arousal turns into immobility due to activation and inhibition of particular functional components as a last way out when faced with an inescapable threat [34,35,36]. Those recurring response patterns in the limbic system are tied in with the original trauma, and are reactivated in contexts of high arousal, even if the danger has already passed [35]. (Schroder, 2018)

Dissociative disorders diagnoses

Most participants reported being professionally diagnosed with dissociative disorders (F44 in ICD-10) and experiencing dissociative personality states (indicating DID or DDNOS). This result is also corroborated by the outcomes of the psychometric psychopathological measures on trauma-related symptom severity in the current study, which show indications of PTSD (operationalized by PCL-5) and clinically-relevant SD (operationalized by SDQ-5) in most of the participants. The high psychic strain of the current sample, reflected by psychometric measures as well as reported prevalence rates of psychiatric diagnoses, is in line with the evidence-based impact of child sexual abuse on (C)PTSD and dissociative disorders [68] and with reports of professionals who treat ORA victims [19,69]. The reported prevalence rates are further in line with previous research that demonstrated a strong relationship between childhood trauma and the development of borderline personality disorders [70], eating disorders [71], PTSD and depression [39]. Under the previous assumption that the current sample of self-identified ORA victims may be relatively viable, the psychic strain is alarming. The reported prevalence rates of wrong or inaccurate diagnoses of psychiatric disorders by health care professionals in the current sample are led by Emotionally Unstable or Borderline Personality Disorders (BPD) and Schizophrenia. (Schroder, 2018)

ORA, CSA and PTSD

Previous research suggests a plethora of promotive and protective factors in childhood that influence the development of or resilience to psychic strain, consisting of individual (e.g., psychological) and environmental (e.g., parenting and peer) factors [37]. Exposure to CSA leads to psychopathology and psychiatric morbidity [38]. A meta-analysis of the published research on the effects of CSA revealed an average weighted effect of d = 0.40 for PTSD, whereby gender, socioeconomic status, type of abuse, age when abused, relationship to perpetrator, and number of abuse incidents, were not found to influence this effect [39]. The authors therefore rather adopt a multifaceted traumatization model, discarding a specific sexual abuse syndrome in the context of CSA. However, a more recent study found that children who were sexually abused by relatives develop more severe PTSD symptoms [40]. Further, a recent study revealed that PTSD correlates with somatization in sexually-abused children, whereby this effect was shown to be moderated by the type of abuse [41]. Some studies revealed evidence on associations between ORA experiences and trauma-related psychopathology in individuals who reported this particularly severe and prolonged form of CSA [19,42,43]. (Schroder, 2018)

PTSD, trauma and dissociation

DID reported by the participants is associated with increased PTSD and SD symptoms. This is in line with [22], who revealed empirical evidence suggesting that a clinical level of dissociation correlates with higher CPTSD symptoms. The authors see dissociation as an organizing construct within CPTSD. The results of the current study further revealed that a reported exit out of the ORA structures decreases PTSD and SD symptom severity. It makes sense that trauma-related symptoms ameliorate when the damaging influences of the perpetrators have disappeared. The results further suggest that the use of (pseudo-)ideological strategies by the perpetrators, that is, according to our definition, ritual abuse, increases trauma-related symptom severity. (Schroder, 2018)

Public advocacy, public education, survivor training, and the building of a research base to help survivors and their helpers

 Solutions to decrease and eliminate these difficulties will be discussed.  These will include public advocacy, public education, survivor training, and the building of a research base to help survivors and their helpers move forward to prevent these difficulties in the future.

Describe ways ritualistic abuse survivors and their helpers can change the present system to increase services for these survivors.

Political changes – educating elected officials, insurance changes, working with the media, building safe and healthy support systems, improving social services, improving mental health educational programs.

Training Others, Support Options

Opportunities for Trauma-informed Clinicians to provide Training for Other Clinicians –

 At universities and colleges, Serve as a guest speaker in a class.

Teach a class on trauma and dissociation

Integrate material on trauma and dissociation in other classes

At professional conferences

Volunteer to do presentations (Noblitt – Teaching 2024)

 However, it is notable that research with patients who disclose organised abuse or characteristics of abuse associated with it (such as multiple perpetrators, sexual abuse by women as well as men, and/or very early sexual abuse initiation) has consistently found higher levels of psychopathology and psychosocial impairment compared with other sexually abused populations. Despite the complex needs of this group, they are frequently unable to access integrated and effective care. Some support is being provided by sexual assault services, domestic violence services and supported accommodation programs, but these interventions are often ad hoc and crisis orientated (Cooper, 2004). Many survivors end up in prison or homeless, chronically disabled by illness, or dead. It is clear that further research and investment in specialist treatment and support options for this population is necessary to address the challenges posed by organised abuse. (Salter, 2012)

References

Grossman, S., Cooper, Z., Buxton, H., Hendrickson, S., Lewis-O’Connor, A., Stevens, J., Wong, L.-Y., & Bonne, S. (2021). Trauma-informed care: recognizing and resisting re-traumatization in health care. Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2021-000815

Heboyan, V., Douglas, M. D., McGregor, B., & Benevides, T. W. (2021). Impact of Mental Health Insurance Legislation on Mental Health Treatment in a Longitudinal Sample of Adolescents. Medical Care, 59(10), 939–946. https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0000000000001619

Kolis, K & Houston-Kolnik, J   (2018) Trauma Types and Promising Approaches to Assist Survivors. ICJIA Research Hub. Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority Icjia.illinois.gov.  https://icjia.illinois.gov/researchhub/articles/trauma-types-and-promising-approaches-to-assist-survivors

Noblitt, R (2024) Extreme Abuse Survivors as an Underserved Community. Survivorship Journal, ISSN 046-2015 Summer 2024,Volume 28, Issue 2 https://survivorship.org/notes-and-journal   

Noblitt, R (2024) Teaching Trauma and Dissociation in Higher Education – PowerPoint and Presentation, The Survivorship Trafficking and Extreme Abuse Online Conference 2024 https://survivorship.org/the-survivorship-trafficking-and-extreme-abuse-online-conference-2024-presentations

Noblitt, R (2024) Trauma-Informed Care. Survivorship Journal, ISSN 046-2015 Winter 2024, Volume 28, Issue 1  https://survivorship.org/notes-and-journal/    

Sachs, A (2024) Attachment Relationship in DID: Survival, Destruction and Healing. 2024 Online Annual Ritual Abuse, Secretive Organizations and Mind Control Conference PowerPoint  https://ritualabuse.us/smart-conference/2024-conference/2024-conference-video-presentations-and-powerpoints/

Salter, M., & Richters, J. (2012). Organised abuse: A neglected category of sexual abuse with significant lifetime mental healthcare sequelae. Journal of Mental Health, 21(5), 499–508. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2012.682264

Schröder, J., Nick, S., Richter-Appelt, H., & Briken, P. (2018). Psychiatric Impact of Organized and Ritual Child Sexual Abuse: Cross-Sectional Findings from Individuals Who Report Being Victimized. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(11), 2417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112417